A boiler includes one or more evaporators configured to heat water which has flowed therein to a specific heat maximum temperature at constant pressure or more in which a specific heat at constant pressure is maximized using a heated fluid and one or more reheaters configured to heat the steam which has come from the boiler using the heated fluid. All the reheaters configured to supply steam to a low-pressure steam turbine are disposed only at a downstream side of the high-pressure evaporator. All the reheaters heat reheating steam (FRHS) containing steam which has passed through a high-pressure steam turbine configured to receive steam supplied from the high-pressure evaporator and having a temperature lower than a specific heat maximum temperature at constant pressure in the high-pressure evaporator to less than the specific heat maximum temperature at constant pressure.

A boiler includes one or more evaporators configured to heat water which has flowed therein to a specific heat maximum temperature at constant pressure or more in which a specific heat at constant pressure is maximized using a heated fluid and one or more reheaters configured to heat the steam which has come from the boiler using the heated fluid. All the reheaters configured to supply steam to a low-pressure steam turbine are disposed only at a downstream side of the high-pressure evaporator. All the reheaters heat reheating steam (FRHS) containing steam which has passed through a high-pressure steam turbine configured to receive steam supplied from the high-pressure evaporator and having a temperature lower than a specific heat maximum temperature at constant pressure in the high-pressure evaporator to less than the specific heat maximum temperature at constant pressure.

Provided herein is a power generation system and method for transforming thermal energy, such as waste heat, into mechanical energy and/or electrical energy. The system employs features designed to accelerate start times, reduce size, lower cost, and be more environmentally friendly. Tire system may include multiple compressors on separate pinion shafts with multiple expanders, a temperature valve upstream of compressors with a mass management system downstream, an intercooler between compressors, and a cascade exchanger. In one embodiment, the system is configured to drive a synchronous generator, with the separate pinion shafts rotating at two separate, but constant, speeds.

Provided herein is a power generation system and method for transforming thermal energy, such as waste heat, into mechanical energy and/or electrical energy. The system employs features designed to accelerate start times, reduce size, lower cost, and be more environmentally friendly. Tire system may include multiple compressors on separate pinion shafts with multiple expanders, a temperature valve upstream of compressors with a mass management system downstream, an intercooler between compressors, and a cascade exchanger. In one embodiment, the system is configured to drive a synchronous generator, with the separate pinion shafts rotating at two separate, but constant, speeds.

A 660MW supercritical unit bypass control method after a load rejection is provided. Steam channels after the load rejection are switched without an interference, and ache steam pressure is controllable. The 660MW supercritical unit bypass control method includes Pipeline 1, Pipeline 2, Pipeline 3, and Pipeline 4; a bottom of Pipeline 3, a bottom of the Pipeline 2, and a head of the Pipeline 4 are connected by a temperature and pressure reducer; a bottom of the Pipeline 1 is connected to a head of Pipeline 2; a branch pipe is arranged between the Pipeline 1 and the Pipeline 2, and a steam turbine is arranged in the branch pipe. A high-pressure bypass control system automatically adapts to the load rejection or FCB under any loading situation, avoids drastic changes of unit parameters from loading fluctuations, meets requirements of the load rejection and the FCB.

A process for energy management includes actuating a closed cyclic thermodynamic transformation, first in one direction in a charge configuration/phase and then in the opposite direction in a discharge configuration/phase, between a casing for the storage of a working fluid other than atmospheric air, in gaseous phase and in equilibrium of pressure with the atmosphere, and a tank for the storage of the working fluid in liquid or super-critical phase with a temperature close to its own critical temperature. In the charge phase, the process accumulates heat and pressure. In the discharge phase, the process generates energy. The process includes actuating, with at least one part of the working fluid, at least one closed thermodynamic cycle, even at the same time as the charge phase or as the discharge phase; and heating the working fluid by means of at least one oxy-combustion within the closed thermodynamic cycle.

A process for energy management includes actuating a closed cyclic thermodynamic transformation, first in one direction in a charge configuration/phase and then in the opposite direction in a discharge configuration/phase, between a casing for the storage of a working fluid other than atmospheric air, in gaseous phase and in equilibrium of pressure with the atmosphere, and a tank for the storage of the working fluid in liquid or super-critical phase with a temperature close to its own critical temperature. In the charge phase, the process accumulates heat and pressure. In the discharge phase, the process generates energy. The process includes actuating, with at least one part of the working fluid, at least one closed thermodynamic cycle, even at the same time as the charge phase or as the discharge phase; and heating the working fluid by means of at least one oxy-combustion within the closed thermodynamic cycle.

In some embodiments the disclosure is directed to a closed-loop piston engine system using a recirculating carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) system with supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO.sub.2) as a working fluid. The closed-loop piston engine system may include a scCO.sub.2 injector; a superheating nozzle region; a first valve; a second valve; a piston moving in the cylinder and coupled with a crankshaft, the piston being driven toward a centerline of the crankshaft during a power stroke using a connecting rod and causing the crankshaft to rotate thereby causing one power stroke per piston per crankshaft rotation and thereby producing two power strokes for every single power stroke that a similar engine would produce if run as a hydrocarbon fuel powered internal combustion engine. The recirculating CO.sub.2 system recirculates the used carbon dioxide and there are no carbon dioxide emissions from the system.

A hybrid powerplant can include a fuel cell cycle system configured to generate a first power using a fuel and an oxidizer. The powerplant can also include a supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO.sub.2) cycle system operatively connected to the fuel cell cycle to receive heat from the fuel cell cycle to cause the sCO.sub.2 cycle system to generate a second power.

A closed-loop Brayton cycle system utilizes supercritical carbon dioxide as the working fluid for the system to achieve higher efficiencies than can be achieved with traditional open-loop gas turbine engines. A bleed channel is used to direct a flow of cooling fluid to cool the turbine blades during operation of the system, preventing damage to the turbine blades during operation of the system. The bleed channel includes a bleed inlet fluidly coupled between a first recuperator and a second recuperator and a bleed outlet fluidly coupled to the turbine blades. The bleed channel is configured to direct the flow of cooling fluid to the turbine blades at a desired temperature and pressure.