A sound bypass device configured to transmit engine-generated sound pulses from an engine to a sound outlet whilst preventing flow of gases to the sound outlet, the sound bypass device comprising: an input tube configured to conduct the engine-generated sound pulses from the engine; and a sound transmission device connected to the input tube at a first end and to the sound outlet at a second end, the sound transmission device comprising: a first volume connected to the first end, a second volume connected to the second end, and a flexible diaphragm separating the first volume from the second volume and configured to transfer variations in pressure in the first volume to the second volume; wherein the first volume has a cross-sectional area that is greater at the diaphragm than at the first end and the second volume has a cross-sectional area that is greater at the diaphragm than at the second end.

A sound bypass device configured to transmit engine-generated sound pulses from an engine to a sound outlet whilst preventing flow of gases to the sound outlet, the sound bypass device comprising: an input tube configured to conduct the engine-generated sound pulses from the engine; and a sound transmission device connected to the input tube at a first end and to the sound outlet at a second end, the sound transmission device comprising: a first volume connected to the first end, a second volume connected to the second end, and a flexible diaphragm separating the first volume from the second volume and configured to transfer variations in pressure in the first volume to the second volume; wherein the first volume has a cross-sectional area that is greater at the diaphragm than at the first end and the second volume has a cross-sectional area that is greater at the diaphragm than at the second end.

A cylinder head assembly for an internal combustion engine includes a cast cylinder head and a turbocharger housing integrally cast with the cylinder head and having an integrally cast wastegate housing. The turbocharger housing is configured to receive a turbocharger cartridge rotatably supporting a shaft coupled between a compressor wheel and a turbine wheel. The integrally cast wastegate housing defines a wastegate chamber configured to receive a wastegate valve, a flow of exhaust gas from the turbine wheel, and a flow of wastegate exhaust gas.

A cylinder head assembly for an internal combustion engine includes a cast cylinder head and a turbocharger housing integrally cast with the cylinder head and having an integrally cast wastegate housing. The turbocharger housing is configured to receive a turbocharger cartridge rotatably supporting a shaft coupled between a compressor wheel and a turbine wheel. The integrally cast wastegate housing defines a wastegate chamber configured to receive a wastegate valve, a flow of exhaust gas from the turbine wheel, and a flow of wastegate exhaust gas.

The present invention relates to an exhaust treatment apparatus (1) for an internal combustion engine (5). The apparatus includes a catalyst chamber (15) containing a catalyst (35). One or more exhaust gas inlets (11A-D) are provided for supplying exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine (5) to the catalyst chamber (C). An exhaust gas outlet (21) for supplying exhaust gases from the catalyst chamber to a turbocharger (25). An injection nozzle (19) is provided for introducing a reductant (23) into the exhaust gases between the catalyst (15) and the turbocharger (25). The reductant (23) and the exhaust gases can undergo mixing as they pass through the turbocharger (25). The catalyst (15) can have a three-dimensional open structure to facilitate the flow of exhaust gases. The invention also relates to a method of treating exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine (5).

The present invention relates to an exhaust treatment apparatus (1) for an internal combustion engine (5). The apparatus includes a catalyst chamber (15) containing a catalyst (35). One or more exhaust gas inlets (11A-D) are provided for supplying exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine (5) to the catalyst chamber (C). An exhaust gas outlet (21) for supplying exhaust gases from the catalyst chamber to a turbocharger (25). An injection nozzle (19) is provided for introducing a reductant (23) into the exhaust gases between the catalyst (15) and the turbocharger (25). The reductant (23) and the exhaust gases can undergo mixing as they pass through the turbocharger (25). The catalyst (15) can have a three-dimensional open structure to facilitate the flow of exhaust gases. The invention also relates to a method of treating exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine (5).

An engine is provided with an engine body, a crankshaft, a cooling fan, an exhaust manifold, a supercharger, an ATD that purifies exhaust gas, and a second exhaust pipe. When the height direction of the engine is defined as a first direction, the crankshaft extends in a second direction vertical to the first direction. The cooling fan is disposed on one side of the engine body in the second direction. The supercharger is driven by the exhaust gas from the exhaust manifold. The second exhaust pipe connects the supercharger and the ATD. The ATD is disposed in an attitude in which the longitudinal direction thereof is parallel to the second direction. The second exhaust pipe is connected to the cooling fan side of the ATD in the second direction. The second exhaust pipe is disposed so as to pass laterally with respect to the exhaust manifold and below the supercharger.

An engine is provided with an engine body, a crankshaft, a cooling fan, an exhaust manifold, a supercharger, an ATD that purifies exhaust gas, and a second exhaust pipe. When the height direction of the engine is defined as a first direction, the crankshaft extends in a second direction vertical to the first direction. The cooling fan is disposed on one side of the engine body in the second direction. The supercharger is driven by the exhaust gas from the exhaust manifold. The second exhaust pipe connects the supercharger and the ATD. The ATD is disposed in an attitude in which the longitudinal direction thereof is parallel to the second direction. The second exhaust pipe is connected to the cooling fan side of the ATD in the second direction. The second exhaust pipe is disposed so as to pass laterally with respect to the exhaust manifold and below the supercharger.

The disclosure relates to a supercharged, direct-injection internal combustion engine having an intake system for the supply of charge air and having an exhaust-gas discharge system for the discharge of exhaust gas and having at least two series-connected exhaust-gas turbochargers which each comprise a turbine arranged in the exhaust-gas discharge system and a compressor arranged in the intake system and of which a first exhaust-gas turbocharger serves as a low-pressure stage and a second exhaust-gas turbocharger serves as a high-pressure stage, a first bypass line being provided which branches off from the exhaust-gas discharge system between the first turbine and the second turbine so as to form a first junction point.

The disclosure relates to a supercharged, direct-injection internal combustion engine having an intake system for the supply of charge air and having an exhaust-gas discharge system for the discharge of exhaust gas and having at least two series-connected exhaust-gas turbochargers which each comprise a turbine arranged in the exhaust-gas discharge system and a compressor arranged in the intake system and of which a first exhaust-gas turbocharger serves as a low-pressure stage and a second exhaust-gas turbocharger serves as a high-pressure stage, a first bypass line being provided which branches off from the exhaust-gas discharge system between the first turbine and the second turbine so as to form a first junction point.