An exhaust system is described comprising an array of a plurality of operably coupled fluid treatment apparatus for the treatment of a fluid substance. Each one of the plurality of fluid treatment apparatus comprises a reactor chamber defined by a perimeter wall; a fluid inlet adapted to provide fluid communication from an external supply of a fluid substance to be treated to said reactor chamber whereby said fluid substance passes into and through said reactor chamber; a fluid outlet adapted to provide a fluid communication from said reactor chamber whereby said fluid substance passes from said reactor chamber; at least one electromagnetic radiation (EMR) waveguide, having a waveguide input port and a waveguide output port, operably coupled within said reactor chamber and adapted to couple electromagnetic radiation of at least one predetermined wavelength to a fluid substance passing through said reactor chamber, wherein said perimeter wall of said reactor chamber is adapted to force said fluid substance received from said fluid inlet and passing through said reactor chamber into a continuous swirling flow towards said fluid outlet. The exhaust system in an embodiment further comprises a housing, having at least one exhaust inlet port and at least one exhaust outlet port, adapted to operably receive and enclose said array of a plurality of operably coupled fluid treatment apparatus, and at least one fluid tight seal member, adapted to engage with at least an outer surface of said array of a plurality of operably coupled fluid treatment apparatus, so as to provide a fluid tight seal between an inner surface of said housing and said at least one outer surface of said array of a plurality of operably coupled fluid treatment apparatus.

A fine particle detector includes: a casing part configured to accommodate an object to be heated; an electromagnetic wave generating part configured to generate electromagnetic waves of different frequencies; at least one power sensor configured to measure powers, from the casing part, of the electromagnetic waves that have entered into the casing part; and a fine particle detection controlling part configured to determine, based on the powers of the electromagnetic waves of the different frequencies measured by the at least one power sensor, whether an accumulated amount of fine particles accumulated in the object to be heated is greater than or equal to a predetermined accumulated amount.

A hydrocarbon reclamator consists of a closed chamber having an exhaust inlet port, a hydrogen inlet port, and a hydrocarbon outlet port. A magnetic flux is generated at the base of the closed chamber and a rotor is suspended by the magnetic flux within the closed chamber. The rotor is formed as a Tesla turbine having axially spaced discs concentrically mounted on a central shaft, a catalyst is formed on surfaces of the discs, and flow holes are formed through the discs. Venturi forces direct gas to release kinetic energy against the discs, so that hydrogen entering the chamber combines with carbon entering the chamber to form a hydrocarbon that exits the chamber via the hydrocarbon outlet port.

A cleaning system for removal of contaminants from a surface of a vehicle component exposed to a gas or fluid flow, the cleaning system comprising: an excitation device adapted to be attached to the vehicle component in the vicinity of the surface exposed to contaminants, wherein the excitation device is configured to cause the surface to mechanically vibrate by transferring a vibrational excitation to the surface; wherein the frequency of the vibrational excitation is controllable to be based on the configuration of the vehicle component as well as other modelled/measured parameters.

An exhaust system that includes a catalytic converter, selective catalytic reduction system, a muffler and, for certain applications, a diesel particulate filter that each include at least one filter that has an electric heating element, a metallic coating and a plurality of metal rods extending therethrough. The combination of elements are configured to heat the internal housings of the exhaust system and disrupt the direction of flow of exhaust gases which contain harmful toxic gases and pollutants and aid in removing and/or reducing said toxic gases and pollutants.

A cylindrical can body capable of housing a honeycomb structure therein, the cylindrical can body including: a coil for induction-heating the honeycomb structure; a cylindrical member made of an insulating material; and a cylindrical metal member capable of housing the coil and the cylindrical member therein, wherein, in a cross section parallel to an axial direction of the cylindrical member, (i) the coil is provided radially outward from an inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical member, and at least a part of the coil is embedded in the cross section of the cylindrical member; or (ii) the coil is provided on an outer circumferential portion of the cylindrical member.

A catalytic converter includes at least one heating element that is configured to disrupt the direction of flow of exhaust gases which contain harmful toxic gases and pollutants and aid in removing and/or reducing said toxic gases and pollutants.

A drip-irrigation catalytic reduction exhaust pipe includes an exhaust pipe having a pipe wall in which a plurality of first apertures is formed and a plurality of direct-through ceramic filters arranged in the exhaust pipe in an axial direction from an exhaust gas inlet opening toward the exhaust gas outlet opening, or alternatively, a wall-flow filter being arranged at a location that is closest to the exhaust gas outlet opening. A flow guide tube is arranged outside the exhaust pipe and is connected to a container and includes a plurality of second apertures. The second apertures respectively correspond to the first apertures. An electromagnetic valve controls passage of urea liquid contained in the container through the second apertures and the first apertures to drip into the exhaust pipe and absorbed by a ceramic fiber material for penetration into pores of the direct-through ceramic filters and the wall-flow filter.

An exhaust system that includes a catalytic converter, selective catalytic reduction system, a muffler and, for certain applications, a diesel particulate filter that each include at least one filter that has an electric heating element, a metallic coating and a plurality of metal rods extending therethrough. The combination of elements are configured to heat the internal housings of the exhaust system and disrupt the direction of flow of exhaust gases which contain harmful toxic gases and pollutants and aid in removing and/or reducing said toxic gases and pollutants.

An emission control system includes an emission control device having a plurality of passages to facilitate emission control of an exhaust gas from a vehicle engine. An electromagnetic field generator responds to a control signal by generating an electromagnetic field via a coil to inductively to heat the emission control device, A controller, coupled to the electromagnetic field generator, generates a temperature signal indicating at least one temperature of the emission control device based on a change in impedance in the coil and generates the control signal based on the temperature signal and further based on a reference temperature to control the at least one temperature of the emission control device in accordance with the reference temperature.