Methods and systems for heating an emission control device are provided. In one example, a method for a vehicle comprises during an engine cold start, heating an emission control device of the engine using a dual heat exchanger to heat secondary air and cool exhaust gas, and further heat secondary air with an electric heater. The method further comprises directing the heated secondary air to each exhaust runner of the engine via individual air injectors to mix with exhaust gas. In this way, an improved mixture of air and exhaust reduces catalyst light-off time and increases conversion efficiency, thereby reducing hydrocarbon emissions during engine cold start.

An exhaust gas heater for an exhaust gas system of a combustion engine includes a carrier and at least one heating conductor through which a current flows. The heating conductor is mounted on the carrier. The heating conductor is provided via separation from a metal flat material blank. A method of making an exhaust gas heater includes a step of separating the heating conductor from the metal flat material blank.

The present invention relates to a mixing apparatus for introducing and distributing a liquid additive into a gas flow, in particular for an exhaust gas system of an internal combustion engine. The mixing apparatus comprises a gas-guiding section for guiding the gas flow and a metering-in device for introducing the additive into a metering-in region of the gas-guiding section. Furthermore, a heating device for actively heating at least one heating section of the gas-guiding section is provided. The heating section is arranged in the metering-in region and/or downstream of the metering-in region. The gas-guiding section has, in the heating section, at least one elevated portion projecting radially into the gas flow for influencing the flow of the gas flow and thus the preparation of the additive.

A device for the aftertreatment of exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine has a tubular first flow section, a deflecting region and a annular second flow section, the second flow section being arranged between an inner wall delimiting the first flow section and an outer wall delimiting the second flow section. At least one annular honeycomb body is arranged in the second flow section, and at least one annular heating disk is arranged in the second flow section, the heating disk being electrically contactable by at least two electrical feedthroughs, which are arranged on the outer wall.

An aftertreatment system for treating constituents of an exhaust gas produced by an engine includes a heater configured to selectively heat the exhaust gas entering the aftertreatment system. An aftertreatment component is disposed downstream of the heater. A gas sensor is disposed downstream of the heater and upstream of the aftertreatment component. The gas sensor comprises a sensing element, and a heating element configured to selectively heat the sensing element to an operating temperature of the sensing element.

An exhaust gas cleaning component, having a housing with an inflow port and an outflow port, a first honeycomb structure in the housing with a casing, the casing having an outer surface over which exhaust gas can flow, and also having an applicator device by which an exhaust gas cleaning additive can be applied to the outer surface of the casing.

In an exhaust gas processing device, an air-fuel ratio sensor is provided such that a measuring portion is located in a region surrounded by a downstream-side end surface of a TWC, an upstream-side end surface of a GPF, and an inner wall surface of a case against which the exhaust gas G that has passed through the TWC flows, that is the region a region on the GPF side of the center of the TWC.

Systems and methods are described for electrical power control of a hybrid vehicle. A change in an electrical load of an ancillary component of the vehicle is determined. In response to determining the change in the electrical load of the ancillary component, an electrical load of an electrically heated catalyst of the vehicle is adjusted.

The invention relates to a fluid container for a motor vehicle, having a container wall that bounds a storage volume for storing liquid with respect to an environment, a heating element that is arranged in the storage volume, and a housing, wherein the housing encloses the heating element in a liquid-tight manner with respect to the supply volume.

A heating system includes at least one electric heater disposed within a fluid flow system and a control device that is configured to determine a temperature of the at least one electric heater based on a model, at least one fluid flow system input, and at least one heater input. The at least one heater input includes at least one physical characteristic of the heating system, the at least one physical characteristic includes at least one of a resistance wire diameter, a heater insulation thickness, a heater sheath thickness, a conductivity, a specific heat and density of the material of the heater, an emissivity of the heater and the fluid flow pathway, and combinations thereof. The control device is configured to provide power to the at least one electric heater based on the temperature of the at least one electric heater.