A three-way catalyst article, and its use in an exhaust system for internal combustion engines, is disclosed. The catalyst article for treating exhaust gas comprising: a substrate comprising an inlet end, an outlet end with an axial length L; an inlet catalyst layer beginning at the inlet end and extending for less than the axial length L, wherein the inlet catalyst layer comprises an inlet palladium component; an outlet catalyst layer beginning at the outlet end and extending for less than the axial length L, wherein the outlet catalyst layer comprises an outlet rhodium component; and wherein the outlet catalyst layer overlaps with the inlet catalyst layer.

A method of reducing noise from a high-speed, including supersonic, jet, the method includes providing the high-speed or supersonic jet in a longitudinal flow direction; and inducing a rotation of a swirl layer of the high-speed or supersonic jet around a longitudinal direction of the jet and on the jet boundary so as to promote mixing of the high-speed or supersonic jet with surrounding air.

An exhaust gas/reactant mixing assembly for an exhaust gas system of an internal combustion engine includes a mixing channel defining a longitudinal axis and extending in the direction thereof. A reactant delivery unit delivers reactant (R) into the mixing channel and an exhaust gas supply channel is arranged upstream of the mixing channel. The exhaust gas supply channel opens into the mixing channel at an opening channel region, wherein the opening channel region has at least two opening channel portions opening into the mixing channel.

An exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, in the exhaust duct of which a sensor is arranged for determining the exhaust gas composition. Furthermore, upstream of the sensor a guide vane is arranged, which is designed to increase the flow velocity of the exhaust gas in a local flow cross-section of the exhaust duct at the height of the sensor. This makes it possible to provide sufficiently high flow velocities of the exhaust gas at the sensor.

A replacement kit enables a user to generate a desired audible sound from an exhaust system of a motor vehicle. The kit includes a replacement catalytic converter arranged to replace the vehicle's original equipment catalytic converter. The replacement catalytic converter is connected to the vehicle's factory muffler through a replacement pipe segment to obtain a more desirable, yet muffled engine sound. The factory muffler may be removed from the motor vehicle and the replacement catalytic converter may instead be connected to a muffler bypass pipe or pipes or replacement exhaust components/segments which channels the exhaust flow directly to the atmosphere to obtain a more powerful unmuffled exciting visceral sports car engine sound.

The present invention relates to a heat exchanger of an exhaust heat recovery apparatus having a simple structure which is configured such that exhaust gas is evenly distributed, thereby preventing a boiling phenomenon wherein coolant water is boiling, and improving efficiency of heat exchange and durability of the apparatus.

An exhaust assembly includes a first tailpipe having an exit end and a curved portion along at least a portion of a length of the first tailpipe. The exhaust assembly further includes a baffle surrounding the first tailpipe at the exit end and defining a plurality of perforations therethrough. The exhaust assembly further includes a pair of shields. Each shield is attached to and at least partially surrounds each of the baffle and the first tailpipe. Each shield extends from a first end proximal to the exit end of the first tailpipe to a second end distal to the exit end of the first tailpipe. Each shield engages the baffle at the first end and engages the first tailpipe at least at or proximal to the second end. The pair of shields is adapted to allow fluid flow to or from the plurality of perforations of the baffle.

A cost-effective muffler for a stratified scavenging engine capable of reducing the number of cells with no exhaust gas flowing in a columnar catalyst as much as possible to create a uniform exhaust gas flow in the columnar catalyst and thus obtaining a desired exhaust gas purification rate, so that THC emissions can be effectively curbed, without substantial alteration or dimensional changes to an existing muffler body and columnar catalyst. At least one of distances: from introduction port to partitioning wall plate; from front wall surface of front chamber to front end surface of the columnar catalyst; and from partitioning wall plate to front end surface of the columnar catalyst is within a predetermined range to prevent gas flow introduced into the front chamber through the introduction port and hitting against the partitioning wall plate to be reversed from bypassing cells in the upper end portion of the columnar catalyst as much as possible.

A mixer arrangement for an exhaust gas system, having an inlet opening through which an exhaust gas mass flow (A) can be guided, and a mixer for swirling the exhaust gas, which has at least one inflow opening that is fluidically connected to the inlet opening, wherein at least one first portion (A1) of the exhaust gas mass flow (A) can be guided through the mixer via the at least one inflow opening, an injection device by means of which an additive can be injected, and a bypass having at least one throughflow opening which is fluidically connected to the inlet opening and through which a second portion (A2) of the exhaust gas mass flow (A) can be guided past the mixer, there being provided at least one regulating body by means of which a flow cross-section Q in the mixer arrangement can be varied such that a ratio V with (formula I) can be varied.

The invention concerns a circuit intended to transfer, by means of a pump, first fluid, such as an aqueous urea solution, from a reservoir to an injector, said circuit also containing a second fluid, such as air, and said circuit comprising, downstream of the pump and of the reservoir, a downstream circuit portion which includes, on the one hand, a main branch which leads to the injector and, on the other hand, bypass branch which returns to the reservoir and which is provided with a double-seat valve designed to selectively and automatically adopt: purge configuration allowing to purge the second fluid through the valve out of the main branch, a pressurized supply configuration allowing to direct the first fluid to the injector under a predetermined working pressure, and a recirculation configuration allowing a recirculation through the bypass branch, and to the reservoir, of the first fluid coming from said reservoir.