A uniflow-scavenging-type two-cycle engine includes: a cylinder; a piston that slides in the cylinder; an exhaust port that is provided at a first end of the cylinder; an exhaust valve that opens and closes the exhaust port; a scavenging port that is provided in an inner circumferential surface of a second end of the cylinder in the stroke direction of the piston and inhales an active gas into a combustion chamber in accordance with a sliding movement of the piston; a plurality of fuel injection valves that inject a fuel gas to the active gas, which has been drawn in from the scavenging port to the combustion chamber, to thereby generate a premixed gas; and a fuel injection control unit that varies injection directions of fuel gas injected from a part or all of the fuel injection valves.

Provided is an engine, including: a cylinder including a cylinder liner; a piston provided inside the cylinder liner; a piston ring provided on the piston; a contact detector configured to detect a contact between a step formed in an inner peripheral surface of the cylinder liner and the piston ring; and a compression ratio controller configured to control a top dead center position of the piston so that the piston ring at the top dead center position is located on a combustion chamber side with respect to the step when the contact is detected.

A piston with external pins boss connected with at least two coupled crankshafts, transforming reciprocating linear movement of the piston into rotary motion of the crankshafts. A cylinder jacket with the piston head forms the combustion chamber. Piston inner space with static counterpart forms an additional intake-breathing chamber. On static counterpart, an income and outgo valves can be located. From reciprocating movement of the piston, the intake-breathing chamber will provide intake gases to the combustion chamber employing a transfer port. Previous to the transfer port, a control valve may be disposed to regulate the volume of intake gases entering the combustion chamber. The intake-breathing gases not used for combustion may be mixed with combustion exhaust gases. Length of connecting links, on inverse configuration, provides extra time at maximum compression rate; improving evaporation and combustion stage timing.

A two-stroke engine according to the present invention includes: a separating wall which confines a tip end portion of an ignition device; an ignition promoting chamber which is formed by means of the separating wall, is independent of a combustion chamber, and encloses the tip end portion of the ignition device; and a plurality of communicating holes which are provided in the separating wall, each of which is provided with a first opening that opens in the combustion chamber and a second opening that opens in the ignition promoting chamber, and which provide communication between the combustion chamber and the ignition promoting chamber.

An engine may be configured to have a piston reciprocate in a cylinder in which blow-by gases pass from a combustion chamber in the cylinder to an area external to the cylinder. The piston may be connected to a rod configured to reciprocate in a linear path. The engine may comprise a gas exchange chamber configured to trap the blow-by gases in a space between the cylinder and a chamber housing an actuator connected to an end of the rod.

An internal combustion engine includes a hollow cylinder, a piston within the hollow cylinder, and a cylinder head. A base valve assembly at a base of the hollow cylinder permits or restricts fluid flow from an intake manifold into a sub-chamber below the piston. The piston includes at least one intake port connecting a combustion chamber above the piston with the sub-chamber, and a transfer valve that opens and closes the at least one intake port. When the transfer valve opens the at least one intake port, fluid is permitted to flow from the sub-chamber to the combustion chamber. The internal combustion engine operates according to a four-stroke piston cycle, wherein multiple intake stages are provided. The intake stages may include intake of air into the sub-chamber during a compression stroke, transfer of air from the sub-chamber to the combustion chamber during a power stroke, intake of air-fuel mixture into the sub-chamber during an exhaust stroke, and transfer of air-fuel mixture from the sub-chamber to the combustion chamber during an intake stroke.

An engine may have a piston linearly reciprocating along an axis in an adjustable cylinder. There may be a piston rod connected to the piston, the piston rod also linearly reciprocating along the axis. A first chamber that includes a combustion chamber in the cylinder may be separated from a second chamber that includes an air chamber. The air chamber may be between the first chamber and a third chamber configured to accommodate lubricant. The engine may be configured to prevent blowby gases escaping from the first chamber into the second chamber from entering the third chamber, and recirculate blowby gases into the first chamber. A passageway may be configured to bring the first and second chambers into communication. The cylinder may be adjustable to change a compression ratio of the combustion chamber. The third chamber may include a mechanism to convert linear motion to another form.

An engine may have a piston linearly reciprocating along an axis in an adjustable cylinder. There may be a piston rod connected to the piston, the piston rod also linearly reciprocating along the axis. A first chamber that includes a combustion chamber in the cylinder may be separated from a second chamber that includes an air chamber. The air chamber may be between the first chamber and a third chamber configured to accommodate lubricant. The engine may be configured to prevent blowby gases escaping from the first chamber into the second chamber from entering the third chamber, and recirculate blowby gases into the first chamber. A passageway may be configured to bring the first and second chambers into communication. The cylinder may be adjustable to change a compression ratio of the combustion chamber. The third chamber may include a mechanism to convert linear motion to another form.

A mixture formation unit has a base body in which an intake channel section is formed. The intake channel section extends from a first end side of the base body to a second end side of the base body. The mixture formation unit has at least one rectilinearly extending channel which opens into the intake channel section. The channel opens at the first end side of the base body. The mixture formation unit is preferably provided for a two stroke engine whose intake channel is divided downstream of the mixture formation unit into a mixture channel and an air channel.

An internal combustion engine includes a hollow cylinder, a piston within the hollow cylinder, and a cylinder head. A base valve assembly at a base of the hollow cylinder permits or restricts fluid flow from an intake manifold into a sub-chamber below the piston. The piston includes at least one intake port connecting a combustion chamber above the piston with the sub-chamber, and a transfer valve that opens and closes the at least one intake port. When the transfer valve opens the at least one intake port, fluid is permitted to flow from the sub-chamber to the combustion chamber. The internal combustion engine operates according to a four-stroke piston cycle, wherein multiple intake stages are provided. The intake stages may include intake of air into the sub-chamber during a compression stroke, transfer of air from the sub-chamber to the combustion chamber during a power stroke, intake of air-fuel mixture into the sub-chamber during an exhaust stroke, and transfer of air-fuel mixture from the sub-chamber to the combustion chamber during an intake stroke.