A turbocharger system (1) of a combustion engine (4) comprises a turbocharger turbine (5) operable by exhaust gases, a valve (7) configured to control gas flow of pressurized gas from a pressurized gas reservoir (6) to the turbocharger turbine (5), and a sensor (8). Turbocharger system operation comprises injecting a test pulse of pressurized gas from the pressurized gas reservoir (6) to drive the turbocharger turbine (5) by means of controlling the valve (7), detecting an impact of injected pressurized gas on the turbocharger turbine (5) by means of the sensor (8), collecting data from the sensor (8), and diagnosing the turbocharger system (1) by evaluating an operational response of the turbocharger turbine (5) as a result of the injected test pulse of pressurized gas, based on the collected data.

A turbocharger system (1) of a combustion engine (4) comprises a turbocharger turbine (5) operable by exhaust gases, a valve (7) configured to control gas flow of pressurized gas from a pressurized gas reservoir (6) to the turbocharger turbine (5), and a sensor (8). Turbocharger system operation comprises injecting a test pulse of pressurized gas from the pressurized gas reservoir (6) to drive the turbocharger turbine (5) by means of controlling the valve (7), detecting an impact of injected pressurized gas on the turbocharger turbine (5) by means of the sensor (8), collecting data from the sensor (8), and diagnosing the turbocharger system (1) by evaluating an operational response of the turbocharger turbine (5) as a result of the injected test pulse of pressurized gas, based on the collected data.

Engine includes a cylinder having a peripheral wall defining a combustion chamber, a crankshaft, and a piston movable in the cylinder. Intake and exhaust valves regulate flow of an air into or combustion products out of the combustion chamber, respectively. An exhaust outlet port has an opening in the peripheral wall at a location between lowermost and uppermost piston positions, and an outlet port valve is associated with the exhaust outlet port. The exhaust stroke has a first exhaust stage in which combustion products exhaust through the exhaust outlet port when an upper surface of the piston is below the opening, and the outlet port valve opens. In a second, subsequent exhaust stage, during continued movement of the piston past the opening in the peripheral wall, the outlet port valve closes and remaining combustion products in the combustion chamber exhaust around the exhaust valve.

Engine includes a cylinder having a peripheral wall defining a combustion chamber, a crankshaft, and a piston movable in the cylinder. Intake and exhaust valves regulate flow of an air into or combustion products out of the combustion chamber, respectively. An exhaust outlet port has an opening in the peripheral wall at a location between lowermost and uppermost piston positions, and an outlet port valve is associated with the exhaust outlet port. The exhaust stroke has a first exhaust stage in which combustion products exhaust through the exhaust outlet port when an upper surface of the piston is below the opening, and the outlet port valve opens. In a second, subsequent exhaust stage, during continued movement of the piston past the opening in the peripheral wall, the outlet port valve closes and remaining combustion products in the combustion chamber exhaust around the exhaust valve.

An internal combustion engine for use with hydrogen fuel, the engine having at least one cylinder assembly which includes a combustion chamber having a cylinder, a cylinder head and a reciprocating piston assembly, the cylinder defining a cylinder longitudinal axis; a fuel injector for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber, the fuel injector defining an injector longitudinal axis; and a fuel flow director, wherein the fuel flow director is located in the fuel flow path between an outlet of the fuel injector and the combustion chamber. The fuel injector is oriented such that the injector longitudinal axis extends at a first angle; and the fuel flow director is configured to direct fuel flow into the combustion chamber at a second angle, different to the first angle.

An engine includes a cylinder head having a first face defining an entrance to an intake port, and an intake manifold having a second face defining an outlet from a runner. The first and second faces mate to fluidly connect the entrance and the outlet, and an area mismatch or offset exists between the entrance and the outlet. A tongue is positioned into the intake port to extend over a floor of the intake port and has an area substantially equal to a difference between the entrance area and the outlet area. The tongue maintains in-charge motion and mixing of intake gases in-cylinder in the engine.

An engine includes a cylinder head having a first face defining an entrance to an intake port, and an intake manifold having a second face defining an outlet from a runner. The first and second faces mate to fluidly connect the entrance and the outlet, and an area mismatch or offset exists between the entrance and the outlet. A tongue is positioned into the intake port to extend over a floor of the intake port and has an area substantially equal to a difference between the entrance area and the outlet area. The tongue maintains in-charge motion and mixing of intake gases in-cylinder in the engine.

A turbocharger system for a vehicle comprising a turbocharger, a tank for compressed gas and an exhaust manifold conduit in fluid communication with an inlet of the turbocharger. The tank is in fluid communication with the manifold conduit and is arranged and controlled to push compressed gas into the manifold conduit during a predetermined pulse duration time period for initial compressor spin up in the turbocharger.

A turbocharger system for a vehicle comprising a turbocharger, a tank for compressed gas and an exhaust manifold conduit in fluid communication with an inlet of the turbocharger. The tank is in fluid communication with the manifold conduit and is arranged and controlled to push compressed gas into the manifold conduit during a predetermined pulse duration time period for initial compressor spin up in the turbocharger.

An internal combustion engine is provided with a plurality of cylinders, air intake valves provided to each of the cylinders, and a variable valve actuation mechanism for varying the valve actuation of the air intake valves. A motor drives the variable valve actuation mechanism. A motor controller controls the motor. The internal combustion engine is capable of operating in a cylinder deactivation mode, in which the air intake valves of some of the cylinders are kept shut. When the internal combustion engine is reactivated from the cylinder deactivation mode, the motor controller executes an air intake amount correction process, in which the opening duration of the air intake valves is temporarily increased, thereby increasing the amount of air taken in by operating cylinder for which the air intake valves have been opened or closed even during the cylinder deactivation mode.