A method for diagnosing a part of a powertrain system is provided. The powertrain system comprising an internal combustion engine system having an internal combustion engine provided with a plurality of cylinders, each cylinder being provided with an air inlet valve and an exhaust gas valve, the method comprising the steps of operating any one of the inlet valve and the exhaust valve for any one of the cylinders to adjust the frequency and/or duration of air pulses during different load conditions of the internal combustion engine; determining an operational behaviour of the part of the powertrain system in response to the adjusted frequency and/or duration of the air pulses; and comparing the determined operational behaviour of the part of the powertrain system with an expected behaviour of the part of the powertrain system.

The present disclosure relates to a camless engine in which a camless system is configured for controlling one or more engine valves of an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The system comprises a pneumatic accumulator configured to store compressed air, and at least one pneumatic actuator having a piston rod. The pneumatic actuator is configured for abutment with the engine valves of the internal combustion engine. The system further comprises at least one pneumatic control valve fluidly connected between the pneumatic accumulator and the pneumatic actuator, a sensor configured to sense an engine parameter and to transmit a signal to actuate the pneumatic control valves and an electronic control unit configured to control the pneumatic valves based on the signal received from the sensor.

According to one or more embodiments presently described, a method of operating an internal combustion engine that includes injecting fuel into a combustion chamber to form an air-fuel mixture, where the combustion chamber includes a cylinder head, cylinder sidewalls, and a piston that reciprocates within the cylinder sidewalls. The method may also include detecting pre-ignition of the air-fuel mixture during a detected intake or compression stroke of the piston, determining that a super knock condition could occur, and mitigating formation of a super knock condition by deploying a super knock countermeasure within the detected compression stroke.

Disclosed is an internal combustion engine including: an actuator for axial displacement of at least one gas exchange valve of the internal combustion engine, wherein the actuator includes: an actuator piston disc, a cylinder volume adapted for the actuator piston disc, wherein the actuator piston disc is movably arranged in an axial direction between a rest position and an active position, wherein the position sensor arrangement is configured for determining the position of the at least one gas exchange valve, the at least one gas exchange valve being displaced by the movement of the actuator piston disc, and a local control unit associated with the actuator, wherein the local control unit is operatively connected to the at least one controllable inlet valve and the controllable outlet valve of the actuator and operatively connected to the position sensor arrangement.

A diagnostic system for a vehicle includes a difference module, a Fourier module, and a fault module. The difference module determines pressure differences for a camshaft revolution based on differences between: first pressures within first chambers of a camshaft phaser measured during the camshaft revolution, wherein the first pressures within the first chamber control advancement of the camshaft relative to a crankshaft of an engine; and second pressures within second chambers of the camshaft phaser measured during the camshaft revolution, wherein the second pressures within the second chamber control retardation of the camshaft relative to the crankshaft of the engine. The Fourier module performs a Fourier Transform (FT) based on the pressure differences to produce FT data. The fault module, based on the FT data, selectively indicates that a fault is present in a variable valve lift mechanism that is actuated by the camshaft.

Disclosed is a combustion engine and method for engine braking therein including an intake air channel having a first pressure, a first inlet valve between the intake air channel and the cylinder volume, an exhaust air channel having a second pressure, a first outlet valve between the cylinder volume and the exhaust air channel, and a storage reservoir having a third pressure higher than the first and second pressures, the storage reservoir being arranged in controllable fluid communication with the cylinder volume. The method takes place during two-stroke cycle and includes: displacing the piston from upper dead centre (UDC) towards lower dead centre (LDC), keeping the first inlet valve open during at least part of the travel from UDC to LDC, displacing the piston from LDC towards UDC, and keeping the fluid communication between the storage reservoir and cylinder volume open during at least a part of such travel.

Methods and systems are provided for a hydrogen combustion engine. In one example, a method may include operating the hydrogen combustion engine at one of two combustion air ratios, wherein a combustion air ratio between the two is avoided via adjusting one or more operating parameters.

A method performed by a control unit (11) for controlling exhaust valves (1A-6A, 1B-6B) of cylinders (1-6) in an internal combustion engine (10) is provided. The method comprise controlling (410) a number of first exhaust valves (1A-3A) for a first set of cylinders (1-3) to transfer exhaust gas to a turbine (8)) during part of an exhaust phase (Δt.sub.1) of the first set of cylinders (1-3) via a first exhaust manifold (12). Also, the method comprises controlling (420) a number of second exhaust valves (1B-3B) for the first set of cylinders (1-3) to transfer exhaust gas to an exhaust gas recirculation, EGR, conduit (9)) during part of the exhaust phase (Δt.sub.1) of the first set of cylinders (1-3) via a second exhaust manifold (7). The method further comprises controlling (430) a number of first exhaust valves (4A-6A) for a second set of cylinders (4-6) to transfer exhaust gas to the turbine (8) during part of an exhaust phase (Δt.sub.2) of the second set of cylinders (4-6) via the first exhaust manifold (12). Furthermore, the method comprises controlling (440) a number of second exhaust valves (4B-6B) for the second set of cylinders (4-6) to transfer exhaust gas to the EGR conduit (9) during a part of the exhaust phase (Δt.sub.2) of the second set of cylinders (4-6) via the second exhaust manifold (7). Here, the exhaust phase (Δt.sub.1) of the first set of cylinders (1-3) is separated in time from the exhaust phase (Δt.sub.2) of the second set of cylinders (4-6).

A control unit (11), a computer program, a carrier, an internal combustion engine and a vehicle is also provided.

The invention relates to a method (100) for controlling a powertrain system (10) of a vehicle (1) during gear upshifting, said powertrain system comprising: an internal combustion engine system (11) comprising an internal combustion engine (12) configured to output a rotational speed (W1) via an engine output shaft (8); a transmission arrangement (14) having a number of gear stages to obtain a set of gears, the transmission arrangement being operatively connected to the internal combustion engine via a transmission input shaft (64) and further having a transmission output shaft (24) for providing a rotational speed to one or more drive wheels (26) of the vehicle; the method comprising the steps of: operating (110) the engine in a four-stroke operation to provide engine rotational speed output via the engine output shaft; receiving (120) an indication of an intended upshifting from a gear of the set of gears to a higher gear of the sets of gears; reducing (130) the rotational speed of the engine output shaft by adjusting the operation of the engine from the four-stroke operation to a two-stroke braking operation; and, when said engine is in the two-stroke braking operation, performing (140) the intended upshifting from said gear of the set of gears to said higher gear of the sets of gears.

Aspects of the present invention relate to a control advanced system for controlling a valve actuator for an internal combustion engine, the control system comprising one or more controllers, the control system being configured to: receive a requirement signal retarded indicative of a requirement for valve actuation with a first valve timing characteristic; receive an expected flow signal indicative of expected mass flow rate of air, associated with the first valve timing characteristic; control the valve actuator to provide the first valve timing characteristic; receive an actual flow signal indicative of actual mass flow rate of air, associated with the control of the valve actuator; cause comparison of the actual flow signal with the expected flow signal; and cause an action to be performed in dependence on the comparison, wherein the action comprises a compensation action and/or a fault reporting action and/or determining camshaft phase information.