An engine system incorporating an engine, one or more sensors, and a controller. The controller may be connected to the one or more sensors and the engine. The one or more sensors may be configured to sense one or more parameters related to operation of the engine. The controller may incorporate an air-path state estimator configured to estimate one or more air-path state parameters in the engine based on values of one or more parameters sensed by the sensors. The controller may have an on-line and an off-line portion, where the on-line portion may incorporate the air-path state estimator and the off-line portion may configure and/or calibrate a model for the air-path state estimator.

An MG1 torque at a time of decreasing an engine speed of an engine is made larger when a turbocharging pressure by a turbocharger is higher than when the turbocharging pressure is lower. In this way, even if the losses of pumps of the engine differ due to the remaining turbocharging pressure during a transition of stopping the engine in turbocharging, it is possible to appropriately reduce the engine speed. Therefore, when the engine is being brought to a stop, it is possible to appropriately suppress vibration generated in the vehicle.

Methods, devices, estimators, controllers and algorithms are described for estimating working chamber air charge during engine operations. The described approaches and devices are well suited for use in dynamic firing level modulation controlled engines. Manifold pressure is estimated for a time corresponding to an induction event associated with a selected working cycle. The manifold pressure estimate accounts for impacts from one or more intervening potential induction events that will occur between the time that the manifold pressure is estimated and the time that the induction event associated with the selected working cycle occurs. The estimated manifold pressure is used in the estimation of the air charge for the selected working cycle. The described approach may be used to individually calculate the air charge for each induction event at any time that the engine is operating in a mode that can benefit from the individual cylinder air charge estimations.

Methods and systems for use of model predictive control (MPC) controllers utilizing hybrid, quadratic solvers to solve a linear feasibility problem corresponding to a nonlinear problem for an internal combustion engine plant such as a diesel engine air path. The MPC solves a convex, quadratic cost function having optimization variables and constraints and directs the plant per the output solutions to optimize plant operation while adhering to regulations and constraints. The problem includes a combination of iterative and direct calculations in the primal space depending on whether a partial step (iterative) or a full step (direct) is attempted. Further, primal and dual space array matrices are pre-computed and stored offline and are retrieved via use of a unique identifier associated with a specific active set for a set of constraints. Such hybrid and/or offline calculations allow for a reduction in computational power while still maintaining accuracy of solution results.

A method for ascertaining a variable characterizing a flow rate of a fuel injector during an operation of an internal combustion engine, to which the fuel injector is assigned. At least two input values for a data-based model are ascertained, and at least one output value is determined with the aid of the data-based model, on the basis of which a value for the variable characterizing the flow rate of the fuel injector is ascertained. The data-based model combines at least two methods differing from one another for ascertaining a variable characterizing a flow rate of a fuel injector.

An engine system incorporating an engine, one or more sensors, and a controller. The controller may be connected to the one or more sensors and the engine. The one or more sensors may be configured to sense one or more parameters related to operation of the engine. The controller may incorporate an air-path state estimator configured to estimate one or more air-path state parameters in the engine based on values of one or more parameters sensed by the sensors. The controller may have an on-line and an off-line portion, where the on-line portion may incorporate the air-path state estimator and the off-line portion may configure and/or calibrate a model for the air-path state estimator.

A method for ascertaining a variable characterizing a flow rate of a fuel injector during an operation of an internal combustion engine, to which the fuel injector is assigned. At least two input values for a data-based model are ascertained, and at least one output value is determined with the aid of the data-based model, on the basis of which a value for the variable characterizing the flow rate of the fuel injector is ascertained. The data-based model combines at least two methods differing from one another for ascertaining a variable characterizing a flow rate of a fuel injector.

The present invention is an on-board vehicle emissions measurement system. The system comprises at least one sensor (CAP) downstream from the aftertreatment system, and optionally a sensor plugged into the vehicle diagnostics port, and a computer (SIN) including models (MOD VEH, MOD MOD, MOD POT). According to the invention, emissions determination is based on the signal from sensor (CAP) and on models (MOD VEH, MOD MOT, MOD POT).

An MG1 torque at a time of decreasing an engine speed of an engine is made larger when a turbocharging pressure by a turbocharger is higher than when the turbocharging pressure is lower. In this way, even if the losses of pumps of the engine differ due to the remaining turbocharging pressure during a transition of stopping the engine in turbocharging, it is possible to appropriately reduce the engine speed. Therefore, when the engine is being brought to a stop, it is possible to appropriately suppress vibration generated in the vehicle.

A method controls multiple continuous actuators to achieve a discrete mode of operation in a system. The method may include determining a desired output state of the system, including processing a control input set for the multiple continuous actuators via a dynamical predictive model of the system, and then processing the control input set via the dynamical predictive model to determine possible control solutions for achieving the desired output state of the system at a calibrated future time point. The method may include using a cost function logic block to identify, from among the possible control solutions, a lowest-cost control solution for executing the discrete mode at the future time point, processing the lowest-cost control solution through a real-time optimization logic block to determine an optimized solution for the discrete mode, and then executing the optimized solution at the future time point.