Methods and systems are provided for increasing EGR delivered to an engine. In one example, a method may include determining an EVO timing set point and an external EGR setpoint in parallel, based on an inverse model. The EVO timing may be adjusted based on a combination of the EVO timing setpoint and an EGR cylinder balancing feedback loop, thereby varying internal EGR to the engine to supplement external EGR.

A control system of an internal combustion engine comprises an air-fuel ratio sensor 40, 41 detecting an air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas, a current detecting device 61 detecting an output current of the air-fuel ratio sensor, a voltage applying device 60 applying voltage to the air-fuel ratio sensor, and a voltage control part 81 configured to control voltage applied to the air-fuel ratio sensor through the voltage applying device. The voltage control part is configured to set the applied voltage to a reference voltage determined so that the output current becomes zero when an air-fuel ratio of inflowing exhaust gas flowing into the air-fuel ratio sensor is a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, and correct the reference voltage so that the output current detected by the current detecting device becomes zero when it is judged that the air-fuel ratio of the inflowing exhaust gas is the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio.

An apparatus for controlling an environment-friendly vehicle, a system having the same, and a method thereof are provided. The apparatus includes a processor to perform a control operation to expand an operable area based on a motor efficiency gain and a state of charge (SOC) of a battery in an Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) operation or a lean burn operation, and a storage to store the motor efficiency gain and the SOC of the battery, which are acquired by the processor.

A decrease in purification performance of a system as a whole is suppressed in cases where catalysts are arranged in an upstream side portion and in a downstream side portion of an exhaust passage in an internal combustion engine. A first catalyst, a sensor and a second catalyst are sequentially arranged in the exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine, wherein a switch is made between lean control and rich control in such a manner that an amount of increase or decrease in a storage amount of oxygen falls within a predetermined range, and in cases where the rich control is carried out after performing a predetermined number of times of rich control, the rich control is continued until an air fuel ratio detected by the sensor becomes equal to or less than a rich determination threshold value which is smaller than a stoichiometric air fuel ratio.

An air fuel ratio control apparatus controls an air fuel ratio of an internal combustion engine. The apparatus includes an upstream sensor measuring the air fuel ratio of exhaust gas in an exhaust passage at an upstream side of a purification catalyst; a downstream sensor measuring the air fuel ratio of the exhaust gas in the exhaust passage at a downstream side of the purification catalyst; and a control unit that adjusts an amount of fuel supplied to the internal combustion engine, thereby controlling the air fuel ratio measured at the upstream sensor to be a target air fuel ratio. The control unit performs a calibration control where a calibration value corresponding to the air fuel ratio deviation is added to or subtracted from the target air fuel ratio such that the air fuel ratio deviation approaches zero.

A control system for a compression ignition engine is provided, which includes a combustion chamber, a throttle valve, an injector, an ignition plug, a sensor, and a controller. A changing module of the controller outputs a signal to the throttle valve so that an air amount increases more than before a demand of changing from a first mode to a second mode, and outputs to the injector a signal to increase a fuel amount according to the air amount increase so that an air-fuel ratio of mixture gas becomes at or substantially at a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, and outputs to the ignition plug a signal to retard an ignition timing so that an engine torque increase caused by the fuel amount increase is reduced. The changing module reduces the retarding of the ignition timing when the ignition timing is determined to have reached a retard limit.

The present invention relates to a method of controlling a positive-ignition internal combustion engine, in which the ignition advance is controlled (CON) by means of an estimation (EST) of the distribution of the knock measurements (MEAS). This estimation (EST) makes it possible to determine, for these measurements (MEAS), a confidence interval (q.sub.min, q.sub.max) of a predetermined quantile of the distribution of the knock measurements (MEAS).

An apparatus for controlling an environment-friendly vehicle, a system having the same, and a method thereof are provided. The apparatus includes a processor to perform a control operation to expand an operable area based on a motor efficiency gain and a state of charge (SOC) of a battery in an Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) operation or a lean burn operation, and a storage to store the motor efficiency gain and the SOC of the battery, which are acquired by the processor.

A control system of an internal combustion engine comprises an air-fuel ratio sensor 40, 41 detecting an air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas, a current detecting device 61 detecting an output current of the air-fuel ratio sensor, a voltage applying device 60 applying voltage to the air-fuel ratio sensor, and a voltage control part 81 configured to control voltage applied to the air-fuel ratio sensor through the voltage applying device. The voltage control part is configured to set the applied voltage to a reference voltage determined so that the output current becomes zero when an air-fuel ratio of inflowing exhaust gas flowing into the air-fuel ratio sensor is a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, and correct the reference voltage so that the output current detected by the current detecting device becomes zero when it is judged that the air-fuel ratio of the inflowing exhaust gas is the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio.

A decrease in purification performance of a system as a whole is suppressed in cases where catalysts are arranged in an upstream side portion and in a downstream side portion of an exhaust passage in an internal combustion engine. A first catalyst, a sensor and a second catalyst are sequentially arranged in the exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine, wherein a switch is made between lean control and rich control in such a manner that an amount of increase or decrease in a storage amount of oxygen falls within a predetermined range, and in cases where the rich control is carried out after performing a predetermined number of times of rich control, the rich control is continued until an air fuel ratio detected by the sensor becomes equal to or less than a rich determination threshold value which is smaller than a stoichiometric air fuel ratio.