Systems and methods for controlling fuel factions delivered to different cylinders are provided. In one example, a controller is configured to, during a single engine cycle and responsive to a first condition, deliver a lower fraction of a first fuel into a donor cylinder in comparison to a fraction of the first fuel being injected into a non-donor cylinder and deliver a higher fraction of a second fuel into the donor cylinder in comparison to a fraction of the second fuel being injected into the non-donor cylinder.

Systems and methods for controlling fuel factions delivered to different cylinders are provided. In one example, a controller is configured to, during a single engine cycle and responsive to a first condition, deliver a lower fraction of a first fuel into a donor cylinder in comparison to a fraction of the first fuel being injected into a non-donor cylinder and deliver a higher fraction of a second fuel into the donor cylinder in comparison to a fraction of the second fuel being injected into the non-donor cylinder.

A hydrogen internal combustion engine system includes a combustion chamber connected to a hydrogen intake system, an air intake system and a water intake system for controlling hydrogen combustion, characterized in that the water injection system comprises an exhaust gas collector connected to an exhaust water condenser configured to condense at least a part of water contained in the exhaust gases.

A method for reducing NOx emissions during operation of an internal combustion engine in commerce which, when burning hydrocarbon fuel as a primary fuel, in the absence of any secondary fuel, has a characteristic stoichiometric ration. The method includes the following: in the absence of electrolytic activity, providing and entraining a quenching species in a gaseous medium and then interacting the quenching species with constituents present during oxidation of the primary fuel in a combustion chamber of the engine.

A method for reducing NOx emissions during operation of an internal combustion engine in commerce which, when burning hydrocarbon fuel as a primary fuel, in the absence of any secondary fuel, has a characteristic stoichiometric ration. The method includes the following: in the absence of electrolytic activity, providing and entraining a quenching species in a gaseous medium and then interacting the quenching species with constituents present during oxidation of the primary fuel in a combustion chamber of the engine.

The solution of the invention is an internal combustion engine with oxygen concentrating equipment (80) wherein the air compressed in the compression stroke is not yet used for combustion but taken out of the cylinder space (15) and used for operating the oxygen concentrating equipment (80). The essence of the invention is that the cylinder space (15) and one or more cells of the oxygen concentrating equipment (80) are temporarily connected during each compression stroke of the engine. The air taken in the cylinder space (15) during the intake stroke and pushed out by the piston (5) during the compression stroke charges one or more cells (41 A-41Z, 51 A-51Z) of the oxygen concentrating equipment (80) and after separating most of the nitrogen in the cells (41 A-41Z, 51A-51Z), the oxygen rich air is injected into the cylinder space (15) through a compressor (33) at the beginning of the expansion stroke by an injector (11). The fuel is also introduced into the cylinder space (15) at the beginning of the expansion stroke by an injector. The ignition may be spark ignition, self-ignition (heat ignition) or their load dependent, speed dependent or power requirement dependent dynamic combination. The invention further relates to the method, the computer program product and the computer-readable medium operating the internal combustion engine with oxygen concentrating equipment.

The solution of the invention is an internal combustion engine with oxygen concentrating equipment (80) wherein the air compressed in the compression stroke is not yet used for combustion but taken out of the cylinder space (15) and used for operating the oxygen concentrating equipment (80). The essence of the invention is that the cylinder space (15) and one or more cells of the oxygen concentrating equipment (80) are temporarily connected during each compression stroke of the engine. The air taken in the cylinder space (15) during the intake stroke and pushed out by the piston (5) during the compression stroke charges one or more cells (41 A-41Z, 51 A-51Z) of the oxygen concentrating equipment (80) and after separating most of the nitrogen in the cells (41 A-41Z, 51A-51Z), the oxygen rich air is injected into the cylinder space (15) through a compressor (33) at the beginning of the expansion stroke by an injector (11). The fuel is also introduced into the cylinder space (15) at the beginning of the expansion stroke by an injector. The ignition may be spark ignition, self-ignition (heat ignition) or their load dependent, speed dependent or power requirement dependent dynamic combination. The invention further relates to the method, the computer program product and the computer-readable medium operating the internal combustion engine with oxygen concentrating equipment.

Described are oxygen enrichment systems that allow combustion powered vehicles to operate in reduced oxygen environments.

Described are oxygen enrichment systems that allow combustion powered vehicles to operate in reduced oxygen environments.

Embodiments disclosed herein relate to internal combustion engines, combustion systems that include such internal combustion engines, and controls for controlling operation of the combustion engine. The internal combustion engine may include one or more mechanisms for injecting fuel, air, fuel-air mixture, or combinations thereof directly into one or more cylinders, and controls may operate or direct operation of such mechanisms.