Devices and methods for reducing emissions, e.g., hydrocarbons, NOx, carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2), and carbon monoxide (CO) from an internal combustion engine burning a hydrocarbon fuel. The devices include a mixture of tourmaline, quartz, and a holographic film within a non-metallic housing. The device containing the mixture and the holographic film is then charged. After charging the device, treating hydrocarbon fuel is taught by exposing the hydrocarbon fuel to the charged device before combustion of the hydrocarbon fuel in an internal combustion engine.

The present invention enables the energy conversion efficiency of installed equipment and the like to be further improved. An energy conversion efficiency improvement device 1 includes: a first antenna 10 which is formed by winding a conducting wire, the two ends of the conducing wire being connected to a direct-current power source; an LC circuit unit 11 which is connected to the conducting wire constituting the first antenna 10, and which includes at least one LC module obtained by connecting an inductance element and a capacitor element in series or in parallel; a joined material portion 12 obtained by joining at least two different types of materials together; and a horn component 13 which comprises a conductor, is formed with line symmetry across a central axis, and is formed with a shape having an external diameter that increases in one direction along the central axis.

The present invention enables the energy conversion efficiency of installed equipment and the like to be further improved. An energy conversion efficiency improvement device 1 includes: a first antenna 10 which is formed by winding a conducting wire, the two ends of the conducing wire being connected to a direct-current power source; an LC circuit unit 11 which is connected to the conducting wire constituting the first antenna 10, and which includes at least one LC module obtained by connecting an inductance element and a capacitor element in series or in parallel; a joined material portion 12 obtained by joining at least two different types of materials together; and a horn component 13 which comprises a conductor, is formed with line symmetry across a central axis, and is formed with a shape having an external diameter that increases in one direction along the central axis.

The present invention enables the energy conversion efficiency of installed equipment and the like to be further improved. An energy conversion efficiency improvement device 1 includes: a first antenna 10 which is formed by winding a conducting wire, the two ends of the conducing wire being connected to a direct-current power source; an LC circuit unit 11 which is connected to the conducting wire constituting the first antenna 10, and which includes at least one LC module obtained by connecting an inductance element and a capacitor element in series or in parallel; a joined material portion 12 obtained by joining at least two different types of materials together; and a horn component 13 which comprises a conductor, is formed with line symmetry across a central axis, and is formed with a shape having an external diameter that increases in one direction along the central axis.

The present invention enables the energy conversion efficiency of installed equipment and the like to be further improved. An energy conversion efficiency improvement device 1 includes: a first antenna 10 which is formed by winding a conducting wire, the two ends of the conducing wire being connected to a direct-current power source; an LC circuit unit 11 which is connected to the conducting wire constituting the first antenna 10, and which includes at least one LC module obtained by connecting an inductance element and a capacitor element in series or in parallel; a joined material portion 12 obtained by joining at least two different types of materials together; and a horn component 13 which comprises a conductor, is formed with line symmetry across a central axis, and is formed with a shape having an external diameter that increases in one direction along the central axis.

In certain implementations, a ship propulsion system includes: at least one internal combustion engine with: a combustion chamber for burning a fuel; an intake tract for supplying fresh air to the combustion chamber; and a turbocharger with a compressor in the in-take tract; an electrolysis device for producing hydrogen gas for the internal combustion engine and for producing oxygen gas; an alcohol tank for supplying alcohols to the internal combustion engine; and a water tank, wherein the water tank and the alcohol tank are connected to the combustion chamber or a pressure side of the compressor for the supply of water and alcohol into the intake tract, and wherein the electrolysis device is connected to the pressure side of the compressor for supplying hydrogen gas into the intake tract or connected to the combustion chamber for supplying hydrogen gas into the combustion chamber.

In certain implementations, a ship propulsion system includes: at least one internal combustion engine with: a combustion chamber for burning a fuel; an intake tract for supplying fresh air to the combustion chamber; and a turbocharger with a compressor in the in-take tract; an electrolysis device for producing hydrogen gas for the internal combustion engine and for producing oxygen gas; an alcohol tank for supplying alcohols to the internal combustion engine; and a water tank, wherein the water tank and the alcohol tank are connected to the combustion chamber or a pressure side of the compressor for the supply of water and alcohol into the intake tract, and wherein the electrolysis device is connected to the pressure side of the compressor for supplying hydrogen gas into the intake tract or connected to the combustion chamber for supplying hydrogen gas into the combustion chamber.

Provided is a device that uses a high-temperature exhaust gas released from an internal combustion engine to produce a fuel. The present invention relates to the fuel production device including the internal combustion engine, an electrolysis device connected to the internal combustion engine, and a hydrogenation reactor connected to the electrolysis device, wherein the electrolysis device is a device for decomposing high-temperature water vapor contained in the exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine into hydrogen and oxygen, and the hydrogenation reactor is a device for converting the hydrogen resulting from the decomposition to the fuel.

Provided is a device that uses a high-temperature exhaust gas released from an internal combustion engine to produce a fuel. The present invention relates to the fuel production device including the internal combustion engine, an electrolysis device connected to the internal combustion engine, and a hydrogenation reactor connected to the electrolysis device, wherein the electrolysis device is a device for decomposing high-temperature water vapor contained in the exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine into hydrogen and oxygen, and the hydrogenation reactor is a device for converting the hydrogen resulting from the decomposition to the fuel.

A system includes an aftertreatment system heater of an exhaust aftertreatment system coupled to an engine A controller coupled to the aftertreatment system heater is configured to determine a condition of an exhaust gas from an engine and compare the condition to a predefined threshold. If the condition of the exhaust gas does not meet the predefined threshold, the controller is configured to determine whether an engine operating condition is met for activating a cylinder deactivation operating mode for the engine. If the engine operating condition is met, the controller is configured to operate the engine in the cylinder deactivation operating mode by deactivating a cylinder of a plurality of cylinders. If the engine operating condition is not met, the controller is configured to activate the aftertreatment system heater to heat the exhaust gas.