A liquid injector atomizer for direct injection in to the cylinder of an internal combustion engine is provided, with a supply of pressurized liquid a supply of pressurized gas, a body, and a nozzle with two or more orifices each for the liquid and the gas. Each orifice directs a jet of metered pressurized liquid or gas out of the injector body. At least two of the liquid jets are aimed at one or more collision points, where at least two gas jet streams collide at a same collision point or another collision point, thereby creating a finely atomized liquid.

A liquid injector atomizer for direct injection in to the cylinder of an internal combustion engine is provided, with a supply of pressurized liquid a supply of pressurized gas, a body, and a nozzle with two or more orifices each for the liquid and the gas. Each orifice directs a jet of metered pressurized liquid or gas out of the injector body. At least two of the liquid jets are aimed at one or more collision points, where at least two gas jet streams collide at a same collision point or another collision point, thereby creating a finely atomized liquid.

A fluid atomizer is provided, and the fluid atomizer is used to atomize the fluid into a spray of droplets, and transform the fluid into spray dispersion in the form of intertwined inner conical film and outer conical film layer by atomizing the fluid. The fluid atomizer includes a plurality of inlet channels, at least one swirl chamber, at least one contracting channel, at least one flow passage channel, at least one internal outlet channel, at least one external outlet channel, and at least one channel holder.

The housing (18) of the fuel injection valve (10) of the device for intermittently injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine comprises a high-pressure inlet (34) with a conical sealing face (44). The high-pressure chamber (36) is disposed in the housing (18) from the high-pressure inlet (34). A cartridge-like, independent component (56) is inserted into the high-pressure chamber (36). Said component comprises the valve carrier (46), the non-return valve (48), the holding element (50), and preferably the filter body (52′). The valve carrier (46) is provided with a conical outer sealing face (69), by which the valve carrier rests against the conical sealing face (44). A fixing element (74) presses the supply line (16) against the valve carrier (46).

The housing (18) of the fuel injection valve (10) of the device for intermittently injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine comprises a high-pressure inlet (34) with a conical sealing face (44). The high-pressure chamber (36) is disposed in the housing (18) from the high-pressure inlet (34). A cartridge-like, independent component (56) is inserted into the high-pressure chamber (36). Said component comprises the valve carrier (46), the non-return valve (48), the holding element (50), and preferably the filter body (52′). The valve carrier (46) is provided with a conical outer sealing face (69), by which the valve carrier rests against the conical sealing face (44). A fixing element (74) presses the supply line (16) against the valve carrier (46).

A fuel injector for injecting an over-enriched fuel and air mixture to the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine includes a spray nozzle, a gaseous carrier, a fuel mixing and evaporation chamber and an injector nozzle. During operation, both a liquid fuel and the gaseous carrier are supplied to the fuel mixing and evaporation chamber of the injector through the spray nozzle, where they are mixed and evaporated as a result of elevated temperature, and the mixture reaches the combustion chamber. The gaseous carrier is air or, flue gas, at elevated pressure and temperature and having a composition that prevents the initiation of flame combustion, and the gaseous carrier has an oxygen content low enough to prevent the initiation of combustion, even under conditions of elevated pressure and temperature.

A fuel injector for injecting an over-enriched fuel and air mixture to the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine includes a spray nozzle, a gaseous carrier, a fuel mixing and evaporation chamber and an injector nozzle. During operation, both a liquid fuel and the gaseous carrier are supplied to the fuel mixing and evaporation chamber of the injector through the spray nozzle, where they are mixed and evaporated as a result of elevated temperature, and the mixture reaches the combustion chamber. The gaseous carrier is air or, flue gas, at elevated pressure and temperature and having a composition that prevents the initiation of flame combustion, and the gaseous carrier has an oxygen content low enough to prevent the initiation of combustion, even under conditions of elevated pressure and temperature.

The invention relates to a fuel injector for injecting an over-enriched fuel and air mixture to the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, is characterised in that it comprises: a hydrocarbon liquid fuel spray nozzle, at least one supply of a gaseous carrier, a fuel mixing and evaporation chamber and an injector nozzle to the engine combustion chamber (C.C.), configured such that, during operation, liquid fuel is supplied and heated and compressed gaseous carrier are supplied to the fuel mixing and evaporation chamber of this injector through the spray nozzle, where they are mixed and evaporated as a result of elevated temperature, and the mixture of evaporated fuel with a hot gaseous carrier with low oxygen content thus formed reaches the combustion chamber (C.C.), through the outlet, wherein the gaseous carrier is air or, alternatively, flue gas, at elevated pressure and temperature and having a composition that prevents the initiation of flame combustion, and the gaseous carrier has oxygen content low enough to prevent the initiation of combustion, even under conditions of elevated pressure and temperature.

An embodiment hydrogen direct injection system for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle includes a fuel line and a fuel injector configured to inject hydrogen fuel into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, wherein the fuel injector is configured to receive the hydrogen fuel via the fuel line and to receive water via the fuel line, and wherein the water is configured to lubricate the fuel injector.

Embodiments may provide a fuel injector including a nozzle body having one or more nozzles, each capable of spraying a fuel from a respective spray position, and movable to change the spray position from a first position to a second position. An injector needle may be configured for axial movement relative to the nozzle body from an engaged position, to prevent flow through the one or more nozzles, to a disengaged position. The movement of the one or more nozzles from the first position to the second position and then back to the first position may substantially correspond with, and/or may be substantially be determined by, the relative axial movement between the injector needle and the nozzle body from the engaged position to the disengaged position and then back to the engaged position.