A modular power plant system may include a plurality of thermal energy conversion elements installed in multiple cavities in the bottom of the well or along the well. The thermal energy conversion elements may convert geothermal heat directly to electricity. A surface infrastructure may consist of electricity distribution racks and pumps that drive cooling liquid in closed or open loops to cool the thermal energy conversion elements. AC or DC voltage may be communicated from each of the thermal energy conversion elements to the surface infrastructure for the distribution of electricity in a decentralized power grid.

A process for generating power from a warm saline steam (1) obtained from geothermal sources. The process involves converting latent osmotic energy present in the stream (1) into an increase in the total pressure of said stream by passing through an osmotic pump unit (7). The stream is passed over a semi-permeable membrane (8) and a lower salinity steam (14) is passed over the other side of said membrane (8), such that the need for mechanical pumping in subsequent process steps is reduced.

A process for generating power from a warm saline steam (1) obtained from geothermal sources. The process involves converting latent osmotic energy present in the stream (1) into an increase in the total pressure of said stream by passing through an osmotic pump unit (7). The stream is passed over a semi-permeable membrane (8) and a lower salinity steam (14) is passed over the other side of said membrane (8), such that the need for mechanical pumping in subsequent process steps is reduced.

An improved Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion system (called OTEC) is presented herein by the addition of a closed heat transfer loop. In conventional OTEC, warm surface waters are used to vaporize a working fluid for use in a turbine, and cold waters are then brought up from deep water, typically more than 1000 meters, to condense the working fluid. In simple terms conventional OTEC brings the cooling potential up to the warm surface. The disclosed OTEC system brings the heat down to the deep cold waters by using a separate heat transfer fluid loop. We refer to this as Enhanced OTEC or E-OTEC. A key feature of the process is descending to the depths as a dense fluid and returning to the surface as a much lower density fluid, thereby gaining a gravitational boost in pressure and temperature. This leads to several technological, performance, and economic advantages over prior art.

A Venturi device with a primary flow path and a secondary flow path introduced into the primary flow path, wherein a flow of one or more flowable mediums in the primary flow path and the secondary flow path creates a vortex generating a suction at an inlet of the Venturi device. Systems incorporating the Venturi device in which the primary flow path is charged with energy in the form of thermal energy from the ambient environment through the flow-induced vortex formation. Supercharger systems incorporating the Venturi device, wherein the primary flow of air into an engine is compressed with exhaust gases recirculated through the secondary flow path.

A temperature control system includes: a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator all connected in series to form a refrigerant circuit. The system includes an electricity generating arrangement fluidly connected to the refrigerant circuit between the compressor and one of the condenser and the evaporator, the electricity generating arrangement comprising a solar thermal collector adapted to heat refrigerant leaving the compressor, and a fluid driven electricity generator adapted to receive refrigerant heated by the solar thermal collector.

The invention discloses a heat pump engine, which can turn the internal energy of the atmosphere and seawater drawn by the low-boiling refrigerant into kinetic energy to drive the propeller and generator, and become a brand-new power generation equipment and ship propelling power without consuming any fuel and working stably for a long period of time; and it can completely solve a series of problems such as crustal damage, environmental pollution, high power generation cost, and conflict of interest caused by uneven distribution of the world, as well as photovoltaic power, wind power, and hydroelectric power, etc., which are brought about by fossil energy, and the serious constraints on the location of weather and environment, as well as serious constraints of weather environment location, and unstable power supply.