A method for forming a porous barrier coating on a substrate without substantial chemical segregation includes the steps of providing or obtaining a barrier coating material in powdered form and spraying the barrier coating material onto the substrate using air plasma spraying. The air plasma spraying is performed using an average homologous surface temperature of the depositing particles in a range of about 1.25 to about 1.5 and a particle velocity in a range of about 300 m/s to about 500 m/s. The depositing particles are fully molten.

A method for forming a porous barrier coating on a substrate without substantial chemical segregation includes the steps of providing or obtaining a barrier coating material in powdered form and spraying the barrier coating material onto the substrate using air plasma spraying. The air plasma spraying is performed using an average homologous surface temperature of the depositing particles in a range of about 1.25 to about 1.5 and a particle velocity in a range of about 300 m/s to about 500 m/s. The depositing particles are fully molten.

A wind turbine blade is provided, which includes a blade body extending from a blade root toward a blade tip along a blade length direction, a first sprayed layer disposed so as to cover at least a leading edge on a side of the blade tip of the blade body, for suppressing erosion of the leading edge of the blade body, a second sprayed layer formed between the blade body and the first sprayed layer, and having a lower electrical resistivity than the first sprayed layer, and a first conductive part for electrically connecting the second sprayed layer to a ground.

A fluid gear pump gear arranged to rotate about a first axis includes a concentrically disposed first hub portion and a plurality of first teeth radially projecting and circumferentially spaced about the first hub portion, the first hub portion and the first teeth being formed of a ceramic material. The gear also includes a first shaft on which the first hub portion is carried.

A wind turbine blade is provided, which includes a blade body extending from a blade root toward a blade tip along a blade length direction, a first sprayed layer disposed so as to cover at least a leading edge on a side of the blade tip of the blade body, for suppressing erosion of the leading edge of the blade body, a second sprayed layer formed between the blade body and the first sprayed layer, and having a lower electrical resistivity than the first sprayed layer, and a first conductive part for electrically connecting the second sprayed layer to a ground.

A fluid gear pump gear arranged to rotate about a first axis includes a concentrically disposed first hub portion and a plurality of first teeth radially projecting and circumferentially spaced about the first hub portion, the first hub portion and the first teeth being formed of a ceramic material. The gear also includes a first shaft on which the first hub portion is carried.

A kelp-inspired marine energy converter (MEC) device having a plurality of strips of flexible electroactive materials connected to a power conditioning module and anchored to a structure (such as the ocean floor) is described. The movement of the strips caused by water motion or current action (i.e., water motion) converted by the electroactive material to electrical energy.

A kelp-inspired marine energy converter (MEC) device having a plurality of strips of flexible electroactive materials connected to a power conditioning module and anchored to a structure (such as the ocean floor) is described. The movement of the strips caused by water motion or current action (i.e., water motion) converted by the electroactive material to electrical energy.

A kelp-inspired marine energy converter (MEC) device having a plurality of strips of flexible electroactive materials connected to a power conditioning module and anchored to a structure (such as the ocean floor) is described. The movement of the strips caused by water motion or current action (i.e., water motion) converted by the electroactive material to electrical energy.