A main flow path that introduces high-pressure air to an air cylinder, or discharges exhaust air therefrom, includes a sub flow path provided alongside the main flow path; an exhaust flow rate adjustment unit that suppresses the operation speed of the air cylinder by adjusting the flow rate of the exhaust air flowing through the sub flow path; and a switching valve that is connected between the air cylinder, the main flow path and the sub flow path, and that connects the main flow path and the sub flow path to the air cylinder in a switching manner. The switching valve is constituted by a spool valve.

A method for controlling a control surface multirod actuator arrangement and the arrangement including: a first and a second multirod actuator configured to move or clamp around a first set of piston rods; a third multirod actuator configured to move or clamp around a second set of piston rods; a control unit configured to control motion of the first set of piston rods in a first motion mode and to control motion of the second set of piston rods in a second motion mode. Steps are moving at least one piston rod of first set of piston rods and/or clamping in parked position at least one piston rod of the second set of piston rods.

In a cushion mechanism of a gas cylinder, when the pressure of a gas in a first pressure chamber is less than or equal to a prescribed pressure, a valve body cuts off communication between the upstream side and downstream side of a discharge flow passage by mean of the biasing force of a spring member. In addition, when the pressure of the gas exceeds the prescribed pressure, the valve body is displaced to the downstream side of the discharge flow passage against the biasing force, thereby enabling communication between the upstream side and the downstream side of the discharge flow passage.

A hydraulic system includes: a slewing motor; a mechanical brake; and a slewing control valve interposed between a main pump and the slewing motor. A first pilot port of the slewing control valve is connected to a first solenoid proportional valve by a pilot line. A second pilot port of the slewing control valve is connected to a second solenoid proportional valve by a second pilot line. The first solenoid proportional valve and the second solenoid proportional valve are connected to an auxiliary pump by a primary pressure line. A switching valve is interposed between the auxiliary pump and the mechanical brake. The switching valve includes a pilot port that is connected to the first pilot line by a switching pilot line. The valve switches from a closed to an open position when a pilot pressure led to the pilot port becomes higher than or equal to a setting value.

A pneumatic artificial muscle (PAM) actuator includes first and second end caps, an elastic bladder connected to the end caps, and a covering around the elastic bladder and connected to the end caps. At least one of the first and second end caps is configured to move and narrow a distance between the end caps in response to inflation of the elastic bladder by a fluid. At least one of the end caps includes a vent configured to allow the fluid to exit the elastic bladder and collapse the covering after activation of the PAM actuator. At least the covering is configured to provide braking for the PAM actuator. The covering may be configured to collapse at least partially between the first and second end caps to provide at least some of the braking for the PAM actuator.

A working medium circuit for a hydrodynamic machine. The working medium circuit includes a working medium container, an inflow line, an emptying line, and a heat exchanger. The working medium can be moved out of the working medium container into the working chamber for a first operating state, in particular the braking mode, and the working medium can be moved out of the working chamber back into the working medium container for a second operating state, in particular the non-braking mode. For aerating and ventilating, the working chamber is connected at least indirectly via a ventilating line to a chamber which has a ventilating device with respect to the surroundings and in which working medium can collect.

A vehicle control surface, such as an aircraft horizontal stabilizer, is hydraulically controlled using solenoid operated valves (SOVs) controlling directional control valves and/or rate control valves with small numbers of ports, e.g. a four port three position directional control value and/or a four port two position rate control valve.

A hydraulic control system for control of a hydraulic motor. The hydraulic control system comprises a fluid distribution assembly having a tank, a pump to pump fluid from the tank and a directional valve for distributing pressurised fluid from the pump and to return fluid to the tank; a valve assembly fluidly connected to the directional valve, the valve assembly having a first overcenter valve and a pressure reducing valve wherein a first main line connects the directional valve to the first overcenter valve and wherein a shuttle line connects the pressure reducing valve to the first main line; a hydraulic motor fluidly connected to the valve assembly wherein the first main line connects the hydraulic motor to the first overcenter valve; and a brake assembly fluidly connected to the pressure reducing valve, wherein a drain line connects the pressure reducing valve to the hydraulic motor.

The present disclosure relates to a hydraulic control circuit for crane slewing gear having directional valves arranged in work lines and controllable separately for the inflow and outflow to the hydraulic motor for the carrying out of a rotational movement of the slewing gear, wherein an inflow valve serves the control of the oil inflow from a hydraulic pump via the work line to the hydraulic motor and an outflow valve is provided via which the hydraulic motor can be relieved to the tank, wherein the work lines are each connected via at least one check valve to a common inlet of the outflow valve to relieve the hydraulic motor independently of the direction of rotation of the slewing gear via an outflow valve into the tank.

A main flow path that introduces high-pressure air to an air cylinder, or discharges exhaust air therefrom, includes a sub flow path provided alongside the main flow path; an exhaust flow rate adjustment unit that suppresses the operation speed of the air cylinder by adjusting the flow rate of the exhaust air flowing through the sub flow path; and a switching valve that is connected between the air cylinder, the main flow path and the sub flow path, and that connects the main flow path and the sub flow path to the air cylinder in a switching manner. The switching valve is constituted by a spool valve.