A method is provided for producing a vortex ring in a liquid medium. The method includes concatenating pairs of insulated anode and cathode rings into a stack; inserting the stack into a vertically oriented chamber; disposing a cylindrical cavity below the chamber; inserting a piston into the cavity; connecting the chamber to the medium; and raising the piston to displace the medium while the stack produces an annular bubble that induces the vortex ring. In particular, the medium is water and the stack separates the medium into hydrogen and oxygen gas.

An aftertreatment system for treating constituents of an exhaust gas produced by an engine, comprising: a housing; a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system disposed within the housing; a reductant injector disposed on a sidewall of the housing upstream of the SCR system and configured to insert a reductant into the exhaust gas; and a vortex generator disposed in the housing, the vortex generator comprising at least one deflector disposed on a surface within the housing, the at least one deflector configured to generate vortices in a portion of the exhaust gas flow flowing over the at least one deflector such that the portion of the exhaust gas remains attached to the surface at a downstream location of the surface.

A vortex ring generation device is configured to release an airflow in a form of a vortex ring from a release port. The vortex ring generation device includes a plurality of gas chamber units, an actuator, and a communication path. Each gas chamber unit has an air chamber that communicates with the release port. Each gas chamber units includes a fixing member forming the air chamber, and a movable member moving to push air out of the air chamber. The movable members of all of the gas chamber units are coupled together to form one movable body. The actuator is connected to an end portion of the movable body and is configured to drive the movable body. The communication path allows the air chambers of the plurality of gas chamber units to communicate with each other.

A fluidic oscillator having independent frequency and amplitude control includes a fluidic-oscillator main flow channel having a main flow inlet, a main flow outlet, and first and second control ports disposed at opposing sides thereof. A fluidic-oscillator controller has an inlet and outlet. A volume defined by the main flow channel is greater than the volume defined by the controller. A flow diverter coupled to the outlet of the controller defines a first fluid flow path from the controller's outlet to the first control port and defines a second fluid flow path from the controller's outlet to the second control port.

A vortex flow apparatus including a cylindrical housing that contains a fluid that flows in a swirling circular path. The apparatus may be utilized as a muffler for a combustion engine, a particle separator, or an energy conversion device that physically or chemically acts upon the fluid flow and particles contained within the apparatus. The housing defines an inlet opening that opens into the first end of the housing proximate a first end wall. An outlet tube defines an outlet opening through a first end wall. A projection is attached to a second end wall of the housing and extends into the housing. The outlet tube and projection are aligned with and centered relative to a central axis.

A fluidic oscillator array includes a plurality of fluidic-oscillator main flow channels. Each main flow channel has an inlet and an outlet. Each main flow channel has first and second control ports disposed at opposing sides thereof, and has a first and a second feedback ports disposed at opposing sides thereof. The feedback ports are located downstream of the control ports with respect to a direction of a fluid flow through the main flow channel. The system also includes a first fluid accumulator in fluid communication with each first control port and each first feedback port, and a second fluid accumulator in fluid communication with each second control port and each second feedback port.

A vortex ring generation device includes a casing and an extrusion mechanism. The casing has a gas passage and a discharge port. The extrusion mechanism extrudes gas in the gas passage such that the gas in a vortex ring shape is discharged from the discharge port. V (m.sup.3) represents an extrusion volume, D (m) represents a diameter of the discharge port, L (m) represents a length of a cylinder having the diameter D and the volume V, and U (m/s) represents a discharge flow rate 0.045≤D≤0.135, 0.15≤L≤0.35, and 3≤U≤5.

A flow control device includes a cylindrical body disposed about a primary axis. The cylindrical body includes a primary flow passage extending therethrough. A ball element having an inlet flow passage extending therethrough is pivotable relative to the cylindrical body between an open position and a closed position. In the open position, the inlet flow passage is in fluid communication with the primary flow passage, and in the closed position, the inlet flow passage is not in fluid communication with the primary flow passage. The flow control device further comprises an internal flow control body having a collar positioned within the cylindrical body about the primary axis. A plurality of outer helical fins extend outwardly from the collar and define a plurality of outer helical passageways, and a plurality of inner helical fins are positioned inwardly from the collar and define a plurality of inner helical passageways.

According to the present disclosure there is provided an arrangement for influencing fluid flow, the arrangement comprising: a first section selectively configurable to provide a vortex generator surface, the vortex generator surface comprising a series of laterally aligned projections, to induce vortices in the liquid flow.

A vortex ring generation device includes a casing having a discharge port, an extrusion mechanism, and a component supply port. The extrusion mechanism extrudes air in an air passage inside the casing such that the air is discharged, in a vortex ring shape, from the discharge port. The component supply port surrounds the air passage. A total circumferential length of the component supply port is ½ or more of a total circumferential length of the discharge port. The extrusion mechanism includes a vibration plate and a drive unit that vibrates the vibration plate. The air passage includes a first passage, and a throttle passage continuous with a downstream end of the first passage. A component chamber is provided inside the casing. The component chamber contains a discharge component to be supplied to the component supply port. The component supply port is located downstream of the throttle passage.