A transfer case comprises a primary output shaft, a secondary output shaft, a clutch, and a plurality of valves. The primary output shaft includes a hub rotationally coupled thereto. The clutch is selectively couples the primary output shaft to the secondary output shaft to transfer torque therebetween. The clutch includes a housing, interleaved plates, and an apply plate. The housing is rotationally coupled to the secondary output shaft. The interleaved plates alternate between a first subset of the interleaved plates rotationally coupled to the hub, and a second subset of the interleaved plates rotationally coupled to the housing. The apply plate compresses the interleaved plates for transferring torque between the hub and the housing. The valves selectively release oil supplied through the primary output shaft into the housing. Each valve includes a bore formed in the hub and a valve rod movable by the apply plate to open the valve.

A clutch assembly for a motor vehicle drivetrain includes a rigid support and a wet friction material fixed to a surface of the rigid support. The wet friction material includes a base material including a matrix of fibers and filler particles embedded in the matrix of fibers; and a binder embedded in the base material. The base material includes, by weight percent, 30-55% cellulose fibers and 10-50% calcined kaolin clay. The base material also includes at least one of 1-20% graphite having a mean particle size of 35 to 85 microns, 20-40% diatomaceous earth in combination with the binder being tung modified phenolic resin, 5-20% chopped aramid fibers, or 5-20% of novoloid fibers.

A wet friction material includes a base including a matrix of fibers and filler particles embedded in the matrix of fibers; a binder embedded in an interior of the base; and a quaternary ammonium salt containing coating on an outer surface of the base. The quaternary ammonium salt containing coating can include a quaternary ammonium salt and a solution binder.

In some examples, a cone clutch assembly includes an inner cone member rotationally coupled to a first shaft, the inner cone member defining a first friction surface; and an outer cone member rotationally coupled to a second shaft, the outer cone member defining a second friction surface opposing the first friction surface. The inner cone member and outer cone member may be selectively engaged and disengaged from another. The inner cone member and/or the outer cone member may include a first metallic layer and a second metallic layer separated by an open structure core. The open structure core is configured to allow flow of a fluid between the first metallic layer and the second metallic layer to remove heat from the at least one of the inner cone member or the outer cone member.

In some examples, a cone clutch assembly includes an inner cone member rotationally coupled to a first shaft, the inner cone member defining a first friction surface; and an outer cone member rotationally coupled to a second shaft, the outer cone member defining a second friction surface opposing the first friction surface. The inner cone member and outer cone member may be selectively engaged and disengaged from another. The inner cone member and/or the outer cone member may include a first metallic layer and a second metallic layer separated by an open structure core. The open structure core is configured to allow flow of a fluid between the first metallic layer and the second metallic layer to remove heat from the at least one of the inner cone member or the outer cone member.

A clutch assembly for a motor vehicle drivetrain includes a rigid support and a wet friction material fixed to a surface of the rigid support. The wet friction material includes a base material including a matrix of fibers and filler particles embedded in the matrix of fibers. The filler particles include calcined kaolin clay, and the base material includes, by percent weight, 5 to 60% of calcined kaolin clay. The wet friction material also includes a binder embedded in the base material. The binder is tung modified phenolic resin.

A clutch assembly for a motor vehicle drivetrain includes a rigid support and a wet friction material fixed to a surface of the rigid support. The wet friction material includes a base material including a matrix of fibers and filler particles embedded in the matrix of fibers. The filler particles include calcined kaolin clay, and the base material includes, by percent weight, 5 to 60% of calcined kaolin clay. The wet friction material also includes a binder embedded in the base material. The binder is tung modified phenolic resin.

Provided are a wet friction plate and a wet multiplate clutch device including the wet friction plates capable of improving the performance for discharging lubricant oil adhering to surfaces of friction members. A wet friction plate includes oil grooves and friction members on a flat plate annular core metal. At a surface of a porous layer of the friction member, a friction slide surface and lubricant oil recessed portions are formed. The lubricant oil recessed portion has no sharp portion in a pointed shape, such as a corner portion, and is formed with a smooth continuous surface. The multiple lubricant oil recessed portions depressed in a recessed shape with respect to the friction slide surface are formed. In the porous layer, hollow portions are formed to have the same formation rate between a portion forming the friction slide surface and a portion forming the lubricant oil recessed portion.

Provided are a wet friction plate and a wet multiplate clutch device including the wet friction plates capable of improving the performance for discharging lubricant oil adhering to surfaces of friction members. A wet friction plate includes oil grooves and friction members on a flat plate annular core metal. At a surface of a porous layer of the friction member, a friction slide surface and lubricant oil recessed portions are formed. The lubricant oil recessed portion has no sharp portion in a pointed shape, such as a corner portion, and is formed with a smooth continuous surface. The multiple lubricant oil recessed portions depressed in a recessed shape with respect to the friction slide surface are formed. In the porous layer, hollow portions are formed to have the same formation rate between a portion forming the friction slide surface and a portion forming the lubricant oil recessed portion.

The present disclosure describes methods, systems, apparatuses, and devices for facilitating actuating robots and automatic machines. Specifically, the present invention provides a capstan actuator with composite control coil. Further, the disclosed system may allow for multi-jointed robots, or other multiple degrees of freedom machines, to be constructed in a novel manner that allows for a single prime mover to supply motive power to many other degrees of freedom with very good control fidelity.