A first rotating shaft (22) and a second rotating shaft (43) are connected so as to be capable of transmitting rotation by engagement of a first pawl portion (38) of a piston (32) and a second pawl portion (47) of the second rotating shaft (43) based upon delivery of hydraulic oil to an oil chamber (37). The first pawl portion, when in engagement with the second pawl portion based upon the delivery of the hydraulic oil, is engaged with a third pawl portion (52) of a synchronizer ring (51) prior to the engagement with the second pawl portion. Engagement surfaces of the first and second pawl portions are formed as inclination surfaces so that a force is applied to the first pawl portion and the second pawl portion in a direction of axially moving away from each other when the rotation is transmitted between the first and second rotating shafts.

A shift control apparatus of an automatic transmission includes: an input detecting unit configured to detect a real rotational speed of the input shaft; an output detecting unit configured to detect a real rotational speed of the output shaft; an estimating unit configured to estimate an estimated rotational speed of the input shaft, which corresponds to a shift request, by multiplying the real rotational speed of the output shaft by a target gear ratio; and a control unit configured to control the rotation of the input shaft based on a detection result from the input detecting unit. The control unit controls the rotation of the input shaft such that an upper-limiting rotational speed of a variation in real rotational speed of the input shaft is lower than the estimated rotational speed.

A synchronizer for a transmission of a motor vehicle is provided. The synchronizer includes a sleeve and a blocker ring. The sleeve includes sleeve spline teeth and advanced sleeve spline teeth. The blocker ring includes blocker spline teeth. The sleeve spline teeth and blocker spline teeth are each asymmetrical and have a blunt tip, a first angled side, and a second angled side. The first and second angled sides have different angular relationships to a longitudinal axis of the teeth.

Provided is a synchronizer device and method for a manual transmission, having a sliding sleeve which includes an internal toothing having sliding sleeve teeth, a clutch body, the clutch body having an external toothing having a multitude of clutch body teeth for internal toothing of the sliding sleeve to engage therein, and a synchronizer unit. The clutch body teeth at the axial tooth ends adjacent the sliding sleeve and/or at least some of the sliding sleeve teeth at the axial tooth ends adjacent the clutch body each include at least one convex end face which extends in the circumferential direction from a root point adjacent to a tooth flank of the respective tooth via an axially protruding apex portion as far as to a root point adjoining an opposite tooth.

A first rotating shaft (22) and a second rotating shaft (43) are connected in a state of being capable of transmitting rotation by the engagement of a first pawl portion(38) of a piston (32) and a second pawl portion(47) of the second rotating shaft (43) based upon the delivery of hydraulic oil to an oil chamber (37). The first pawl portion(38) of the piston (32), when being engaged with the second pawl portion(47) of the second rotating shaft (43) based upon the delivery of hydraulic oil to an oil chamber (37), is engaged with a third pawl portion(52) of a synchronizer ring (51) prior to the engagement with the second pawl portion(47). Engagement surfaces of the first pawl portion(38) and the second pawl portion(47) are formed as inclination surfaces so that a force is applied to the first pawl portion(38) and the second pawl portion(47)in a direction of axially moving away from each other when the rotation is transmitted between the first rotating shaft (22) and the second rotating shaft (43).

Provided is a synchronizer device and method for a manual transmission, having a sliding sleeve which includes an internal toothing having sliding sleeve teeth, a clutch body, the clutch body having an external toothing having a multitude of clutch body teeth for internal toothing of the sliding sleeve to engage therein, and a synchronizer unit. The clutch body teeth at the axial tooth ends adjacent the sliding sleeve and/or at least some of the sliding sleeve teeth at the axial tooth ends adjacent the clutch body each include at least one convex end face which extends in the circumferential direction from a root point adjacent to a tooth flank of the respective tooth via an axially protruding apex portion as far as to a root point adjoining an opposite tooth.

A shift control apparatus of an automatic transmission includes: an input detecting unit configured to detect a real rotational speed of the input shaft; an output detecting unit configured to detect a real rotational speed of the output shaft; an estimating unit configured to estimate an estimated rotational speed of the input shaft, which corresponds to a shift request, by multiplying the real rotational speed of the output shaft by a target gear ratio; and a control unit configured to control the rotation of the input shaft based on a detection result from the input detecting unit. The control unit controls the rotation of the input shaft such that an upper-limiting rotational speed of a variation in real rotational speed of the input shaft is lower than the estimated rotational speed.

An engagement assembly between a drive shaft and a driven shaft for a vehicle, a power take-off coupling, a method of engaging a drive shaft and a driven shaft, an articulated drive shaft assembly, a universal joint and a coupler assembly. The engagement assembly may include a drive shaft including first splines having respective tapered ends; and a driven shaft including second splines having respective tapered ends tapering. The tapered ends may facilitate engagement and alignment of the first splines and the second splines. A universal joint may include a locking assembly to selectively hold the driven shaft and the shaft in an orientation during connection. A coupler assembly may be adjustable between a locked condition, in which the drive shaft is locked to the driven shaft, and an unlocked condition, and may include first indicia indicative of a locked condition, and second indicia indicative of an unlocked condition.

To provide a machining device and a machining method that can achieve a reduction in a machining time of grooves of a workpiece including grooves having different torsion angles. A machining device includes a control device configured to use a machining tool having a rotation axis, an intersection angle of which can be changed with respect to a rotation axis of a workpiece, and cut a peripheral surface of the workpiece by feeding the machining tool relatively in a direction of the rotation axis of the workpiece while rotating the machining tool synchronously with the workpiece. The peripheral surface of the workpiece includes at least two grooves having torsion angles different from each other. The control device changes the intersection angle based on the torsion angles to respectively cut the at least two grooves.

A synchronizing device is provided for synchronizing a first rotatable part with a second rotatable part adjacent to the first rotatable part. The synchronizing device includes a first part provided with an engaging sleeve and a second part provided with a synchronizer ring. The synchronizing device has at least one positioning resilient member which is arranged to act upon the synchronizer ring and the second part, in order to allow a design with few parts and also to resynchronize the synchronizing ring with the second part. A transmission including such a synchronizing device is also provided.