A lay-shaft assembly for use in a vehicle transmission includes a clutching mechanism with a synchronization assembly arranged for synchronizing rotation of a driven gearwheel with a first gearwheel or a second gearwheel. The first and second gearwheels extend adjacently with respect to each other along the central axis, and the synchronizing assembly is positioned between adjacent respective outer circumferential surfaces of the adjacent first and second gearwheels and the sleeve. A ring-shaped biasing means support and a complementary biasing means insert for placing onto the ring shaped biasing means support.

A vehicle clutch, comprising a primary clutch (1). A first drive (2) and a second drive (3) are provided on the other side of the primary clutch (1); the primary clutch (1) is internally provided with a first secondary clutch unit and a second secondary clutch unit; the first drive (2) is in power connection with the first secondary clutch unit; the second drive (3) is in power connection with the second secondary clutch unit; the first secondary clutch unit comprises a first secondary clutch (4) and a friction unit (5) configured to cooperate with the first secondary clutch (4); the second secondary clutch unit comprises a second secondary clutch (6) and a friction unit (5) configured to cooperate with the second secondary clutch (6); a synchronizer (7) is also provided between the first secondary clutch (4) and the second secondary clutch (6); the synchronizer (7) is configured to lock the first secondary clutch (4) and the second secondary clutch (6) as a whole when the first secondary clutch (4) is separated from the second secondary clutch (6). The provision of the two-stage clutch units enables the vehicle clutch to choose whether to use one single clutch or two clutches to bear the torque according to different working conditions.

A transmission for an at least partially electrically driven vehicle includes a rotor shaft of an electric machine, an input shaft, and a synchronization device arranged to couple the input shaft to the rotor shaft. The synchronization device includes a first synchronization ring connected to the rotor shaft for conjoint rotation, a second synchronization ring, a friction disk located axially between the first synchronization ring and the second synchronization ring, a clutch body connected to the input shaft for conjoint rotation, and a sliding sleeve, axially slidable along the clutch body to initiate synchronization of the first synchronization ring and the second synchronization ring for conjoint rotation to couple the rotor shaft to the input shaft. The first synchronization ring may have a cone for receiving the second synchronization ring.

Assembly for a synchronization unit of a variable ratio gear transmission. Assembly has a synchronizer ring and a friction ring. The friction ring has a friction surface and an installation surface and the synchronizer ring has a contact surface directed toward the installation surface. To allow a high efficiency of the synchronizing unit and simultaneously a functionally safe and comfortable operation of the variable ratio gear transmission, the synchronizer ring and the friction ring are configured and arranged such that the geometrical shape of the installation surface of the friction ring differs from the geometrical shape of the contact surface of the synchronizer ring in a relief state of a synchronizing process; and that the geometrical shape of the installation surface of the friction ring corresponds to the geometrical shape of the contact surface of the synchronizer ring in a load state of the synchronizing process.

Synchronizer ring made of deep-drawable sheet metal. The ring includes a ring-shaped sheet metal body having a conical section arranged between a wall and a hub surface. One or more radially outwardly projecting guide elements are defined by radially outwardly projecting tapered indentations integrally formed with the ring-shaped sheet metal body. The wall is located at a largest conical diameter side of the ring-shaped sheet metal body and extends substantially perpendicular to a ring body axis. Gear teeth are arranged on a radially outer end of the wall. The one or more guide elements are configured to provide centering guidance relative to a hollow cylindrical surface of a synchronizer ring hub.

The invention relates to a friction ring, in particular for wet-running clutches or transmissions, having a carrier (10) and a friction lining (12) with a friction lining starting material (20) being a mixture at least of a thermosetting binder and a filler, and with the friction lining starting material (20) having a non-flowable, pasty processing consistency and the friction lining (12) having a solid final consistency after processing on the carrier (10). The invention further relates to a method producing such a friction ring.

A synchronizing ring for a synchronizer having an inner ring. The synchronizing ring is designed to be arranged outside of and to abut against the inner ring for achieving friction between an outer surface of the inner ring and an inner surface of the synchronizing ring during synchronization. The synchronizing ring has a plurality of through holes extending from the inner surface to an outer surface of the synchronizing ring for evacuation of oil from the interface between the inner ring and the synchronizing ring.

A hybrid powertrain may include an engine input shaft connected to an engine by a main clutch, a motor input shaft mounted coaxially with the engine input shaft and connected to a motor, a center synchronizer installed to interrupt connection between the engine input shaft and the motor input shaft, first and second output shafts mounted parallel to the engine input shaft, a variable driving gear provided on the motor input shaft to maintain or increase a rotation speed of the motor input shaft and then to transmit the maintained or increased rotation speed to the first output shaft, and plural external gear pairs installed to form different transmission gear ratios between the engine input shaft and the first output shaft and between the engine input shaft and the second output shaft.

An in-vehicle control apparatus is configured to execute a collision degree calculation process of, when it is determined that gear rattle occurs, calculating a collision degree that indicates a magnitude of a collision between a sleeve chamfer and a gear chamfer based on a rotation speed difference between a sleeve and an idler gear, execute an index value calculation process of calculating an index value that correlates with wear and tear of the sleeve chamfer and the gear chamfer based on the collision degree that is calculated each time it is determined that gear rattle occurs, and execute a wear and tear degree calculation process of calculating a degree of wear and tear of the sleeve chamfer and the gear chamfer by integrating the index value that is calculated each time it is determined that gear rattle occurs.

A synchronizing ring for a synchronizer of a transmission. The inside of the synchronizing ring being provided with a plurality of cams and corresponding recesses between the cams for receiving a plurality of axial protrusions of a further synchronizing ring. An inner radial surface of each cam is provided with a plurality of grooves for transportation of oil.