A hybrid vehicle includes an electric motor and a combustion engine. A K0 clutch couples the combustion engine to a drivetrain of the vehicle. A control module of the vehicle calculates a torque to be applied by the motor to the K0 clutch when initiating engagement of the combustion engine to the drivetrain. The control module calculates two separate torque lead values by two separate methods and calculates the torque by combining the two torque lead values.

The present invention teaches an apparatus for consistent and accurate on-site readings of fluorescence signals of coronavirus test result, with which a user directly reads a fluorescent light qualitatively instead of using electronic sensors. The fluorescent light is excited from a fluorescent source in a site of interest in a target assay. The device comprises a light source for generating an excitation light for exciting the fluorescent source of the target assay to generate a fluorescent light, a component for accurately transmitting the excitation light and the fluorescent light with less noise or reflection, a component for consistent detecting of the fluorescent source by bare eyes with minimal health risks, and a user control system that requires minimal training.

A method of controlling an electric vehicle including twin clutches includes twin clutches for the electric vehicle driven by power of a drive motor and includes determining, by a clutch controller, whether a releasing condition for releasing engagement of the twin clutches is satisfied, controlling, by the clutch controller, the twin clutches to 0 torque when the releasing condition is satisfied, controlling the drive motor to 0 rpm by a vehicle controller when a torque applied to the twin clutches is less than a predetermined torque, and controlling the drive motor to 0 torque when a speed of the drive motor is less than a predetermined speed.

A hybrid vehicle includes an electric motor and a combustion engine. A K0 clutch couples the combustion engine to a drivetrain of the vehicle. A control module of the vehicle calculates a torque to be applied by the motor to the K0 clutch when initiating engagement of the combustion engine to the drivetrain. The control module calculates two separate torque lead values by two separate methods and calculates the torque by combining the two torque lead values.

A method to estimate an amount of force in a clutch pack of a clutch actuation system. The method includes engaging an actuation motor to apply a set point force to the clutch pack and monitoring a position of the actuation motor when the set point force is applied. Additionally, the method includes determining one or more clutch clamping curves and one or more clutch releasing curves based on a relationship between the position of the actuation motor and an amount of torque applied by the actuation motor at position of the actuation motor. The method further includes modeling one or more frictional characteristics of the clutch actuation system and estimating an amount of clamping and releasing force within the clutch pack by using a control unit. The amount of torque applied to the clutch pack between the clutch clamping and releasing curves at the set point force is maintained.

A method includes estimating a first pressure at a first location of a clutch based on a flow rate of a fluid in the clutch, computing a first torque lead value based on the first pressure, computing a second torque lead value based on a second pressure, computing a third torque lead value by combining the first torque lead value and the second torque lead value, and applying torque from a motor of the vehicle based on the third torque lead value.

Methods and system are described for changing a driveline gear range from a higher gear range to a lower gear range. The driveline may include two electric machines and four clutches in a four wheel drive configuration. The methods and systems permit a driveline to change from a higher gear range to a lower gear range without stopping a vehicle.

A torque transmission device for a motor vehicle includes at least one motor, a first output shaft rotationally coupled to an output element of a first clutch and to an output element of a second clutch, the first output shaft to drive a first wheel of the vehicle, a second output shaft rotationally coupled to an output element of a third clutch and to an output element of a fourth clutch, the second output shaft to drive a second wheel of the vehicle, opposite the first wheel, a torque transfer mechanism to transmit the torque from the motor to an input element of the first clutch and to an input element of the fourth clutch with a first gear ratio, and to transmit the torque from the motor to an input element of the second clutch and to an input element of the third clutch with a second gear ratio.

The present invention teaches an apparatus for consistent and accurate on-site readings of fluorescence signals of coronavirus test result, with which a user directly reads a fluorescent light qualitatively instead of using electronic sensors. The fluorescent light is excited from a fluorescent source in a site of interest in a target assay. The device comprises a light source for generating an excitation light for exciting the fluorescent source of the target assay to generate a fluorescent light, a component for accurately transmitting the excitation light and the fluorescent light with less noise or reflection, a component for consistent detecting of the fluorescent source by bare eyes with minimal health risks, and a user control system that requires minimal training.

A vehicle drive device includes: an electric motor; a multi-plate clutch including a plurality of clutch plates; a pressing mechanism configured to press the multi-plate clutch; an output rotary member to which a drive force of the electric motor is transferred through the multi-plate clutch; and a control device configured to control the electric motor and the pressing mechanism. The control device is configured to control the pressing mechanism using information on the result of test operation performed while the vehicle is stationary.