A one-way damping structure (1), comprising a spring (11), a drive element (12) and a friction force generation member, the spring (11) and the drive element (12) being connected such that the spring (11) is driven by means of the drive element (12); the spring (11) comprises a fixing portion (111), a connecting portion (112) and an annular portion (113), the connecting portion (112) being located between the fixing portion (111) and the annular portion (113) and connecting the fixing portion (111) to the annular portion (113), and the fixing portion (111) being fixed; and the annular portion (113) comprises at least half a turn for defining a spring opening which spirally extends in the circumferential direction, and slides relative to the friction force generation member so as to generate friction torque. Also disclosed is an adjusting assembly which comprises the described one-way damping structure (1). A seat height adjuster utilizes one-way damping properties in which the spring (11) of the one-way damping structure (1) generates different torques in different rotation directions; moreover, in combination with a traditional output structure (2) and an installation structure (3), a driver (4) continues to stably defy a fixed load so as to work when the seat is adjusted downwards under the load, and the lifting ability is unaffected when the seat is adjusted upwards.

A composite spring made of a wire of a longitudinal axis curved around a spring axis in a winding direction and a method of fabrication thereof, the spring, the wire comprising a core; and fibers layers wound around the core, and an angular positioning, relative to the spring axis, of each one of the fiber layers being selected, along a length of the core, depending on the winding direction of the wire about the spring axis, to adjust at least one of: high natural frequency of the spring, resistance to buckling and resistance to tensile and compressive stress components induced by a compressive load on the spring.

A coil-integrated magneto-rheological elastomer includes: an elastomer substrate having a predetermined shape and including a magnetic powder; and a coil disposed inside the elastomer substrate. Such a coil-integrated magneto-rheological elastomer can exhibit improved magnetic properties due to the coil embedded in the elastomer substrate.

A composite spring made of a wire of a longitudinal axis curved around a spring axis in a winding direction and a method of fabrication thereof, the spring, the wire comprising a core; and fibers layers wound around the core, and an angular positioning, relative to the spring axis, of each one of the fiber layers being selected, along a length of the core, depending on the winding direction of the wire about the spring axis, to adjust at least one of: high natural frequency of the spring, resistance to buckling and resistance to tensile and compressive stress components induced by a compressive load on the spring.

A torsion spring that is used in a throttle valve device increasing and decreasing an opening degree of an intake passage or an exhaust passage of an internal-combustion engine includes: two coil springs connected with each other so that torsion directions are opposite from each other; and a hook disposed between the two coil springs. Of the two coil springs, one side spring arranged at one side in an axial direction biases a valve object to a closing side, and the other side spring arranged at the other side in the axial direction biases the valve object to an opening side. In at least one coil spring of the two coil springs, a dimension of a clearance between the at least one coil spring and the hook connected with each other is larger than an average value of clearances between coil turns of the at least one coil spring.

A torsion spring that is used in a throttle valve device increasing and decreasing an opening degree of an intake passage or an exhaust passage of an internal-combustion engine includes: two coil springs connected with each other so that torsion directions are opposite from each other; and a hook disposed between the two coil springs. Of the two coil springs, one side spring arranged at one side in an axial direction biases a valve object to a closing side, and the other side spring arranged at the other side in the axial direction biases the valve object to an opening side. In at least one coil spring of the two coil springs, a dimension of a clearance between the at least one coil spring and the hook connected with each other is larger than an average value of clearances between coil turns of the at least one coil spring.