A derailleur shifting system comprise a front derailleur, a rear derailleur, an operating device and a controller. The front derailleur is configured to be controlled to shift among front gear positions. The rear derailleur is configured to be controlled to shift among rear gear positions. The operating device is configured to generate an operational instruction associated with one or both of the front derailleur and the rear derailleur. The controller is configured to control one or both of the front derailleur and the rear derailleur to shift according to the operational instruction, an estimated gear position table and a gear position control table. The estimated gear position table comprises an estimated front gear position of the front derailleur and an estimated rear gear position of the rear derailleur, and the gear position control table comprises matching relationships between the front gear positions and the rear gear positions.

A human-powered vehicle control device controls the transmission to initiate a shifting operation based on a set of prescribed conditions that changes the transmission ratio of a human-powered vehicle. The control device includes an electronic controller that switches between a first control state for controlling the transmission to change the transmission ratio in accordance with a first prescribed set of conditions, and a second control state for controlling the transmission to prevent the change of the transmission ratio as compared with if the electronic controller is in the first control state. The electronic controller switches between the first control state and the second control state in accordance with a detection of at least one of a steering state of the human-powered vehicle, a surface condition of a travel path on which the human-powered vehicle travels, and a pedaling preparation state related to the pedals of the human-powered vehicle.

Methods for controlling a transmission of a vehicle are provided. Such methods include establishing a desired speed profile for the vehicle when travelling along a road segment. performing a plurality of simulations, each of a vehicle response, in the road segment, to a respective gear control action, wherein the gear control action differs from one simulation to another, wherein the simulations include an aim to keep the speed on the speed profile, or within one or more established limits of deviations from the speed profile, determining costs for the simulated vehicle responses, selecting, in dependence on the determined costs, one of the gear control actions, controlling the transmission with the selected gear control action.

A method of controlling a powertrain of a vehicle is carried out such that during shifting in which a first clutch is released and a second clutch is engaged, whether a current shift phase is a torque phase or an inertia phase is determined. Different cost functions for the torque phase and the inertia phase are predefined. A control input change for minimizing the cost functions in the torque phase and the inertia phase is calculated. At least two among input torque, first clutch torque, or second clutch torque input to a transmission are controlled by applying the control input change calculated for the torque phase and the inertia phase.

An apparatus and a method for controlling a transmission of a vehicle include an agent that determines a gear stage of the vehicle based on driving information of the vehicle, shape information of a road, and/or operation information of a driver, and include a controller that performs a reward with respect to the determination of the agent and controls the transmission of the vehicle based on the gear stage determined by the agent.

A method of estimating a load on a vehicle (10), the method comprising: obtaining a first load estimate using a first load estimation technique; obtaining a second load estimate using a second load estimation technique; analysing characteristics of the first load estimate and the second load estimate; and, based on the analysis selecting either the first load estimate or the second load estimate as an output load estimate.

A shifting system for a human-powered vehicle comprises a controller. The controller is configured to receive a driving torque and a cadence of the human-powered vehicle from at least one sensor. The controller is configured to determine a permitted shift timing based on the driving torque and the cadence. The controller is further configured to control a shift mechanism to perform a gear shift during the permitted shift timing in accordance with a permitted cadence range and a first threshold of the driving torque.

Control of a Vehicle Having an Automatic Transmission to Compensate for Ambient Air Density A method of controlling an automatic transmission (24) of a vehicle (10), the method comprising: receiving a signal indicative of a vehicle operating mode; obtaining a base map defining gear shift points for the transmission (24) based on the indicated vehicle operating mode; obtaining a torque loss map defining gear shift points for the transmission (24) based on a predetermined minimum value of density; and controlling the transmission (24) based on the base map if the base map defines gear shift points at higher engine speeds or vehicle speeds than the corresponding gear shift points defined by the torque loss map.

A shifting control apparatus for a vehicle includes a stepped automatic transmission configured to switch shifting positions based on a shifting pattern stored in advance, characterized by comprising: a sensory evaluation input portion configured to accept at least one sensory evaluation made by a vehicle occupant in the vehicle with regard to traveling of the vehicle; an evaluation tendency determining portion configured to determine an emphasis tendency in the sensory evaluation with regard to a phenomenon of an evaluation target with which the vehicle occupant feels dissatisfied based on the sensory evaluation accepted by the sensory evaluation input portion; and a shifting characteristic changing portion configured to change a shifting characteristic of the stepped automatic transmission based on the emphasis tendency in the sensory evaluation with regard to the phenomenon of the evaluation target determined by the evaluation tendency determining portion so as to improve the sensory evaluation.

Methods and systems are provided for classification of the type and weight of a trailer being towed by a vehicle. The classification is based on a comparison between a real-time road gradient as determined by the vehicle system and an expected road gradient as determined from an off-board or an onboard map. Vehicle operations may be adjusted based on the classification of the attached trailer.