A device for amplifying a force includes a prime mover configured to receive a first force, and a secondary mover configured to generate a second force that is greater than the first force in response to the prime mover receiving the first force. The prime mover includes an output that, in response to the first force, rotates about a first axis through a power stroke defined by an angular displacement that is less than ninety degrees. The prime mover's output includes a first end that revolves about the first axis during the power stroke. The secondary mover includes an input, an output, and a body. The input includes a second end that is coupled with the first end of the prime mover's output, and that, as the first end of the prime mover's output revolves about the first axis through the power stroke, the second end of the secondary mover's input also revolves about the first axis and moves relative to the secondary mover's body. The secondary's mover's output is configured to apply the second force to an object. The secondary mover's body is pivotally anchored at a location such that as the first end of the prime mover's output revolves about the first axis through the power stroke, the body of the secondary mover pivots about a second axis that passes through the location. The position of the device's secondary mover relative to the first end of the prime mover's output is such that, as the first end approaches the end of the power stroke, the first end of the prime mover's output accelerates, without an additional force applied to the prime mover's output.

A refrigerator includes a freezer compartment and an ice-making apparatus. The ice-making apparatus includes a support, a plurality of ice cube trays, a connecting rod rotating shaft, and a swinging member. Each ice cube tray includes a tray body, and a driving shaft and a hinge shaft connected to the tray body. The connecting rod rotating shaft includes a rotating shaft and a swinging shaft that are arranged in parallel and spaced from each other, and a connecting section connecting the rotating shaft and the swinging shaft. The swinging member includes a body, a hinge hole provided in the body and a plurality of support portions provided on the body.

A refrigerator includes a freezer compartment and an ice-making apparatus. The ice-making apparatus includes a support, a plurality of ice cube trays, a connecting rod rotating shaft, and a swinging member. Each ice cube tray includes a tray body, and a driving shaft and a hinge shaft connected to the tray body. The connecting rod rotating shaft includes a rotating shaft and a swinging shaft that are arranged in parallel and spaced from each other, and a connecting section connecting the rotating shaft and the swinging shaft. The swinging member includes a body, a hinge hole provided in the body and a plurality of support portions provided on the body.

Described is a rotary coupling that includes a pair of coupling bodies having parallel (preferably coincident) rotation axes, two cylindrical elements and a preload mechanism. A gap is provided between surfaces on the first and second coupling bodies. The first cylindrical element is disposed on the first coupling body and has a first cylinder axis, and the second cylindrical element is disposed on the second coupling body adjacent to the first cylindrical element and has a second cylinder axis that is perpendicular to the first cylinder axis. The preload mechanism imparts a force to each of the first and second coupling bodies and thereby preloads the first and second cylindrical elements against each other at a point of contact. One example of the preload mechanism includes a pair of magnets disposed opposite each other across the gap and another example of the preload mechanism includes an air bearing.

Described is a rotary coupling that includes a pair of coupling bodies having parallel (preferably coincident) rotation axes, two cylindrical elements and a preload mechanism. A gap is provided between surfaces on the first and second coupling bodies. The first cylindrical element is disposed on the first coupling body and has a first cylinder axis, and the second cylindrical element is disposed on the second coupling body adjacent to the first cylindrical element and has a second cylinder axis that is perpendicular to the first cylinder axis. The preload mechanism imparts a force to each of the first and second coupling bodies and thereby preloads the first and second cylindrical elements against each other at a point of contact. One example of the preload mechanism includes a pair of magnets disposed opposite each other across the gap and another example of the preload mechanism includes an air bearing.

An endoscope cleansing accessory is described for use with an automatic endoscope reprocessing (AER) apparatus which utilizes the motive force provided by a flowing cleansing fluid already within the AER to actuate an actuator wheel of the endoscope during the cleansing process. The movement or actuation of the actuator wheel during cleansing in turn imparts a back and forth motion to an elevator platform or forceps raiser within the endoscope to loosen tissue and other particles that are then flushed out by the flowing cleansing fluid.

A flapping-wing aircraft includes a support frame, a motor coupled to the support frame, a pair of wings coupled to the support frame, and a linkage assembly coupled to the support frame and configured to translate an output torque of the motor into flapping motion of the wings, wherein the linkage assembly includes a first link coupled to a rotational output of the motor, a second link pivotably coupled to the first link at a first pivot joint, a third link pivotably coupled to the second link at a second pivot joint, and a fourth link pivotably coupled to the support frame and slidably coupled to the third link, and wherein the fourth link is coupled to a first wing of the pair of wings.

A flapping-wing aircraft includes a support frame, a motor coupled to the support frame, a pair of wings coupled to the support frame, and a linkage assembly coupled to the support frame and configured to translate an output torque of the motor into flapping motion of the wings, wherein the linkage assembly includes a first link coupled to a rotational output of the motor, a second link pivotably coupled to the first link at a first pivot joint, a third link pivotably coupled to the second link at a second pivot joint, and a fourth link pivotably coupled to the support frame and slidably coupled to the third link, and wherein the fourth link is coupled to a first wing of the pair of wings.

A multi-slice hinge-line actuator includes a plurality of actuator slices mounted around a common axis of rotation and arranged to be rotated around the axis of rotation by a drive means in response to a control signal, the slices spaced axially along the axis of rotation. Each actuator slice has a first attachment means for attachment to a relatively fixed structure and a second attachment means for attachment to a moveable structure to be moved by the actuator in response to the control signal. The actuator also includes means for monitoring a strain pattern in the actuator at a plurality of locations along the axial direction of the actuator.

A multi-slice hinge-line actuator includes a plurality of actuator slices mounted around a common axis of rotation and arranged to be rotated around the axis of rotation by a drive means in response to a control signal, the slices spaced axially along the axis of rotation. Each actuator slice has a first attachment means for attachment to a relatively fixed structure and a second attachment means for attachment to a moveable structure to be moved by the actuator in response to the control signal. The actuator also includes means for monitoring a strain pattern in the actuator at a plurality of locations along the axial direction of the actuator.