A pressure vessel includes a first wall defining a container and a second wall surrounding the container defining a cavity between the first wall and the second wall. The pressure vessel also includes a vent in the second wall providing fluid communication between the cavity and an outside of the second wall and matter positioned within the cavity configured to prevent flame from propagating through the cavity while providing thermal conductivity between the first wall and the second wall.

Disclosed are gas cylinder assemblies for containing pressurized gas. The gas cylinder assembly has a polymeric liner and a low-permeability barrier layer. The polymeric liner a first end portion, a second end portion and a central body. The central body comprises an outer surface and an inner surface disposed between the first end and the second end. The gas cylinder assembly comprises a reinforcement structure wound over the central body. The gas cylinder assembly further comprises a metal foil interposed between the reinforcement structure and central body. The metal foil is configured to reduce permeation of contents of the polymeric liner.

Disclosed are gas cylinder assemblies for containing pressurized gas. The gas cylinder assembly has a polymeric liner and a low-permeability barrier layer. The polymeric liner a first end portion, a second end portion and a central body. The central body comprises an outer surface and an inner surface disposed between the first end and the second end. The gas cylinder assembly comprises a reinforcement structure wound over the central body. The gas cylinder assembly further comprises a metal foil interposed between the reinforcement structure and central body. The metal foil is configured to reduce permeation of contents of the polymeric liner.

The hydrogen compressing system has a first unit that receives hydrogen at low temperature and low pressure and compresses it, a second unit that cools down the hydrogen received from the first unit and a third unit that heats up and pressurizes the hydrogen received from the second unit; the high-pressure hydrogen is stored in a tank and afterwards may be supplied, for example, to a tank of a vehicle; pressurization at the third unit (300) is achieved by introducing cold hydrogen gas, well below ambient temperature, received from the second unit into the tank and heating it while the tank is closed preferably till when the hydrogen inside the tank reaches ambient temperature; heating-based compression allows to easily obtain high pressure through a relatively simple system and without risk of reducing the purity of the hydrogen.

A method for manufacturing a gas filling container is provided. The method includes performing a treatment of bringing an amine compound into contact with the inner surface of a gas filling container having at least the inner surface made of stainless steel, manganese steel, carbon steel, or chromium molybdenum steel, and, after the treatment, a treatment of volatilizing off the amine compound from the gas filling container.

Provided are microcrack-resistant compositions, apparatuses comprising microcrack-resistant materials, and methods of containing fluids. More specifically, the present disclosure provides microcrack-resistant laminate compositions comprising interdisposed vertically aligned carbon nanotubes. The present disclosure additionally provides microcrack-resistant fluid tanks. Further, the present disclosure provides methods of containing a cryogenic fluid without leaks.

A manufacturing method for a high pressure tank includes preparing a liner including a cylindrical body portion and a pair of side end portions, forming a reinforcing layer by winding fiber-reinforced resin around an outer peripheral surface of the liner, carrying out shot peening by shooting a shot material towards an inner periphery region of a boundary between the body portion and each of the side end portions, and carrying out autofrettage after the reinforcing layer is formed and the shot peening is carried out. The autofrettage is carried out by applying internal pressure to the liner such that the liner is plastically deformed and then eliminating the internal pressure such that compression stress is applied to the liner.

A tank production method for preventing generation of non-uniform stacked portions in a sheet layer while securing the strength of the tank, the method including a winding step of winding resin-impregnated fiber sheets to form a sheet layer with a predetermined thickness. The winding step includes divided winding steps of winding divided fiber sheets obtained by dividing a fiber sheet into a plurality of divided fiber sheets having a length shorter than the length required to form the sheet layer with the predetermined thickness. The second divided winding step or each of the second and following divided winding step satisfies an Inequality: X>(.Math.t.Math.L)/(A.Math.W), where an overlapped length of the start end of a new divided fiber sheet stacked on the terminal end of the divided fiber sheet wound in the preceding divided winding step is X, the tensile stress applied to the tank in the circumferential direction thereof is , the thickness and width of each divided fiber sheet are t and W, respectively, the length of a cylindrical portion of the tank is L, and the shearing strength of the resin is A.

Disclosed are gas cylinder assemblies for containing pressurized gas. The gas cylinder assembly has a polymeric liner and a low-permeability barrier layer. The polymeric liner a first end portion, a second end portion and a central body. The central body comprises an outer surface and an inner surface disposed between the first end and the second end. The gas cylinder assembly comprises a reinforcement structure wound over the central body. The gas cylinder assembly further comprises a metal foil interposed between the reinforcement structure and central body. The metal foil is configured to reduce permeation of contents of the polymeric liner.

A high-pressure includes a liner; a composite material surrounding an outer circumferential surface of the liner; a heat-transfer sheet formed on the outer circumferential surface of the liner; and a spacer disposed between the heat-transfer sheet and the composite material. The heat-transfer sheet and the spacer have a gap therebetween.