A cryostat, such as for a quantum computing system, includes a plurality of temperature-controlled flanges operable to be cooled to respective cryogenic target temperatures, the temperature-controlled flanges being nested one inside another and concentrically arranged about a central axis. The temperature-controlled flanges are radially spaced apart and define closed polygonal perimeters. The temperature-controlled flanges including an outermost flange defining a vacuum chamber, an innermost flange enclosing a central core of the cryostat, and intermediate flanges radially located between the innermost flange and the outermost flange. Each of the intermediate flanges surrounds one or more of the other temperature-controlled flanges. The outermost flange is maintained at a highest temperature, the innermost flange is maintained at a lowest temperature, and the intermediate flanges are maintained at respective intermediate temperatures less than the highest temperature and greater than the lowest temperature.

An apparatus includes: a getter material (310) disposed within a vacuum chamber (210) to absorb stray molecules within the vacuum chamber; a thermal mass (340) disposed adjacent the getter material and in thermal communication with the getter material; a cold station (312) disposed within the vacuum chamber above the thermal mass; and a convective cooling loop (310) connected between the thermal mass and the cold station and configured to convectively cool the thermal mass when the cold station is at a lower temperature than the thermal mass, and to thermally isolate the thermal mass from the cold station when the cold station is at a higher temperature than the thermal mass. The thermal mass may be water ice and may be thermally isolated from the walls of vacuum chamber by low loss support links (360, 362, 364) and/or thermal reflective shielding.

A cryostat system is kept at a cryogenic operating temperature without providing or supplying cryogenic fluids by a cryocooler. The cryostat system includes a superconducting magnet arrangement and a heat sink apparatus to prolong the time before the superconducting magnet arrangement quenches/returns to the normally conducting state if active cooling fails. The heat sink apparatus includes magnetocaloric material and is thermally connected to the superconducting magnet arrangement and/or to parts of the cryostat system through which ambient heat can flow to the superconducting magnet arrangement. In this way, the cryostat system can be operated in a truly “cryogen-free” manner while maintaining a sufficiently long time to quench in the event of potential operational malfunctions.

A cryostat for a superconducting magnet system is provided. The cryostat may include an outer vessel and an inner vessel suspended within the outer vessel. A space may be defined by the outer vessel and the inner vessel. The cryostat may include multiple first support elements and one or more second support elements. The strength of the first supporting element may be larger than that of the second support elements. The inner vessel and the outer vessel may be connected by two opposite ends of a first support element and two opposite ends of a second support element, respectively. The number of the first support elements in the lower part of the space is different from the number of the first support elements in the upper part of the space.

A low vibration cryostat includes a cryocooler with a cold head having a flange and a cooling body extending from the flange. A housing is coupled to the cold head, with the housing having an opening receiving at least a portion of the cooling body. A first bellows extends between the housing and the flange to mitigate the transfer of vibrational forces between the housing and the flange. The first bellows, the flange, and the housing collectively define a first chamber. A force balancing assembly containing a second bellows is coupled to the housing and includes a second chamber spaced from the first chamber. The two chambers are arranged to create a net zero force on the cold head when the pressure in the bellows changes. A viscous damping assembly mitigates bouncing of the cold head on support springs.

A novel and useful system wiring apparatus and related techniques that address the need to feed power and electronic signals to and from a sample board between the cold, low pressure region in a vacuum chamber and outside room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The wiring apparatus balances electrical resistance with the thermal conductivity of the power and signal conductors. Printed flexible cables are used having an annular sealing region which together with O-rings provide vacuum sealing while allowing electrical signals to pass between integrated circuit(s) inside the vacuum chamber and equipment outside the chamber. A thermal anchor is placed along the printed flexible cable to maintain a desired temperature along the cable. The printed flexible circuits are multilayer with two outer layers serving as an RF shield while two inner layers comprise the signal lines which typically require shielding, electrical isolation from each other and from external electromagnetic fields.

A cryostat for a superconducting magnet system is provided. The cryostat may include an outer vessel and an inner vessel suspended within the outer vessel. A space may be defined by the outer vessel and the inner vessel. The cryostat may include multiple first support elements and one or more second support elements. The strength of the first supporting element may be larger than that of the second support elements. The inner vessel and the outer vessel may be connected by two opposite ends of a first support element and two opposite ends of a second support element, respectively. The number of the first support elements in the lower part of the space is different from the number of the first support elements in the upper part of the space.

A novel and useful system wiring apparatus and related techniques that address the need to feed power and electronic signals to and from a sample board between the cold, low pressure region in a vacuum chamber and outside room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The wiring apparatus balances electrical resistance with the thermal conductivity of the power and signal conductors. Printed flexible cables are used having an annular sealing region which together with O-rings provide vacuum sealing while allowing electrical signals to pass between integrated circuit(s) inside the vacuum chamber and equipment outside the chamber. A thermal anchor is placed along the printed flexible cable to maintain a desired temperature along the cable. The printed flexible circuits are multilayer with two outer layers serving as an RF shield while two inner layers comprise the signal lines which typically require shielding, electrical isolation from each other and from external electromagnetic fields.

A vacuum vessel supporting superconducting computing device environments includes a vacuum vessel having a cylindrical chamber defined by an internal frame, including upper and lower mounting rings, and at least two vertical support members disposed between the upper and lower mounting rings. The chamber is further defined by an upper plate releasably attached to the upper mounting ring, a lower plate releasably attached to the lower mounting plate, at least two side walls releasably attached to the upper mounting ring, the lower mounting ring and at least two vertical support members. Seal elements are disposed between the upper plate and the upper mounting ring, the lower plate and the lower mounting ring, and each side wall and the internal frame.

A cryostat system is kept at a cryogenic operating temperature without providing or supplying cryogenic fluids by a cryocooler. The cryostat system includes a superconducting magnet arrangement and a heat sink apparatus to prolong the time before the superconducting magnet arrangement quenches/returns to the normally conducting state if active cooling fails. The heat sink apparatus includes magnetocaloric material and is thermally connected to the superconducting magnet arrangement and/or to parts of the cryostat system through which ambient heat can flow to the superconducting magnet arrangement. In this way, the cryostat system can be operated in a truly cryogen-free manner while maintaining a sufficiently long time to quench in the event of potential operational malfunctions.