A method of manufacturing a support member, which includes a tubular-shaped tubular part and a coupling part coupling one portion and another portion of an inner circumferential surface of the tubular part to support a ventilation membrane, includes filling a fixed mold and a movable mold with a thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material, wherein the thermoplastic material or the thermosetting material is injected from a gate in the coupling part to be charged from the coupling part toward the cylindrical part.

Provided is an internal pressure adjustment member to be attached to an outer surface of a housing, the member having high air permeability even when a differential pressure that can be generated between the inside and the outside of a housing to which the internal pressure adjustment member is attached is small, and inhibiting damage to the member and a reduction in the air permeability of the member due to coming soil and mud. The internal pressure adjustment member includes: a filter portion including a net-like or mesh-like support layer and first and second porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes laminated on the support layer such that the support layer is interposed therebetween, the first porous PTFE membrane being exposed on one surface of the filter portion, the second porous PTFE membrane being exposed on another surface of the filter portion; and an adhesive portion, formed on the one surface of the filter portion, for attaching the filter portion to the outer surface of the housing. The first porous PTFE membrane and the second porous PTFE membrane each have an average pore diameter of 2.0 μm or more, the filter portion has a thickness of 140 μm or less, and the filter portion has a density of 0.60 g/cm.sup.3 or less.

Provided is an internal pressure adjustment member to be attached to an outer surface of a housing, the member having high air permeability even when a differential pressure that can be generated between the inside and the outside of a housing to which the internal pressure adjustment member is attached is small, and inhibiting damage to the member and a reduction in the air permeability of the member due to coming soil and mud. The internal pressure adjustment member includes: a filter portion including a net-like or mesh-like support layer and first and second porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes laminated on the support layer such that the support layer is interposed therebetween, the first porous PTFE membrane being exposed on one surface of the filter portion, the second porous PTFE membrane being exposed on another surface of the filter portion; and an adhesive portion, formed on the one surface of the filter portion, for attaching the filter portion to the outer surface of the housing. The first porous PTFE membrane and the second porous PTFE membrane each have an average pore diameter of 2.0 μm or more, the filter portion has a thickness of 140 μm or less, and the filter portion has a density of 0.60 g/cm.sup.3 or less.

A ventilation member is attached to a through hole of a housing. The ventilation member includes: a support body in which a ventilation path that forms a flow path for gas between the interior and the exterior of the housing; a sealing member that seals between the support body and the housing; a ventilation membrane that is provided on the ventilation path to prevent a liquid and a solid from passing through and to allow gas to pass through; and a surrounding portion that is provided to the support body and is formed with a uniform height to surround an end portion opening of the ventilation path.

An illuminated vehicle sign comprises a receptacle having an internal cavity with a light reflective internal surface. A cover over an end of the receptacle comprises one or more orifices opening into the internal cavity from an outside of the receptacle. The orifices are dimensioned and/or relatively arranged in accordance with one or more markings or alphanumeric characters. The orifices provide for ingress of air into the internal cavity from the outside of the receptacle and for emission of light from the internal cavity. A vent in the receptacle is positioned relative to the orifices to provide for egress of the air from the internal cavity. A light source is disposed within the receptacle to emit the light through the internal cavity and out of the orifices. An apertured screen is disposed inside of the internal cavity that is spaced apart from the cover.

An illuminated vehicle sign comprises a receptacle having an internal cavity with a light reflective internal surface. A cover over an end of the receptacle comprises one or more orifices opening into the internal cavity from an outside of the receptacle. The orifices are dimensioned and/or relatively arranged in accordance with one or more markings or alphanumeric characters. The orifices provide for ingress of air into the internal cavity from the outside of the receptacle and for emission of light from the internal cavity. A vent in the receptacle is positioned relative to the orifices to provide for egress of the air from the internal cavity. A light source is disposed within the receptacle to emit the light through the internal cavity and out of the orifices. An apertured screen is disposed inside of the internal cavity that is spaced apart from the cover.

An adsorbent system including a body having or defining a channel therein, wherein the body is configured to be coupled to a humidity-controlled environment such that a first end of the channel is in selective fluid communication with the ambient environment and such that a second end of the channel is in fluid communication with said humidity-controlled environment. The system further includes an adsorbent material in the channel, wherein the channel and adsorbent material are configured such that inlet fluid flowing from the first end to the second end through the channel is flowable over the adsorbent material, and such that outlet fluid flowing from the second end to the first end is flowable over a majority of the adsorbent material that is flowable over by the inlet fluid. The system also includes a valve system positioned at or adjacent to or in fluid communication with the first end of the channel.

An adsorbent system including a body having or defining a channel therein, wherein the body is configured to be coupled to a humidity-controlled environment such that a first end of the channel is in selective fluid communication with the ambient environment and such that a second end of the channel is in fluid communication with said humidity-controlled environment. The system further includes an adsorbent material in the channel, wherein the channel and adsorbent material are configured such that inlet fluid flowing from the first end to the second end through the channel is flowable over the adsorbent material, and such that outlet fluid flowing from the second end to the first end is flowable over a majority of the adsorbent material that is flowable over by the inlet fluid. The system also includes a valve system positioned at or adjacent to or in fluid communication with the first end of the channel.

A ventilation housing of the present disclosure includes: a housing; and a ventilation assembly. The housing includes a tubular projection extending to project from an outer surface and internally having a first space communicating the inside and the outside of the housing. The ventilation assembly includes: an internal member being a tubular body having an opening at a first end portion and an opening at a second end portion; a gas-permeable membrane covering the opening at the first end portion of the internal member; and an external member being a tubular body having a bottom, the external member being joined to the internal member with the internal member inserted in the interior of the external member from the first end portion side. The ventilation assembly is fixed to the projection with the projection inserted in the opening at the second end portion of the internal member to make an inner peripheral surface of the internal member and an outer peripheral surface of the projection abut each other. The ventilation assembly has a second space serving as a ventilation path connecting the gas-permeable membrane and the outside of the ventilation assembly in the inside of the internal member, the inside of the external member, and/or an interspace between the internal member and the external member joined together. A height H1 of the internal member is 6 to 10 mm. A ratio of the height H1 of the internal member to a height H2 of the projection is 1.00 to 1.70. The ventilation housing of the present disclosure exhibits excellent performance in terms of moisture permeation between the inside and the outside of the housing and is capable of reducing dropping of the ventilation assembly from the projection of the housing.

A ventilation housing of the present disclosure includes: a housing; and a ventilation assembly. The housing includes a tubular projection extending to project from an outer surface and internally having a first space communicating the inside and the outside of the housing. The ventilation assembly includes: an internal member being a tubular body having an opening at a first end portion and an opening at a second end portion; a gas-permeable membrane covering the opening at the first end portion of the internal member; and an external member being a tubular body having a bottom, the external member being joined to the internal member with the internal member inserted in the interior of the external member from the first end portion side. The ventilation assembly is fixed to the projection with the projection inserted in the opening at the second end portion of the internal member to make an inner peripheral surface of the internal member and an outer peripheral surface of the projection abut each other. The ventilation assembly has a second space serving as a ventilation path connecting the gas-permeable membrane and the outside of the ventilation assembly in the inside of the internal member, the inside of the external member, and/or an interspace between the internal member and the external member joined together. A height H1 of the internal member is 6 to 10 mm. A ratio of the height H1 of the internal member to a height H2 of the projection is 1.00 to 1.70. The ventilation housing of the present disclosure exhibits excellent performance in terms of moisture permeation between the inside and the outside of the housing and is capable of reducing dropping of the ventilation assembly from the projection of the housing.