A shell-and-tube heat exchanger comprises a shell enclosing a plurality of U-shaped tubes. Each tube is provided with a first portion and with a second portion. The open ends of each tube are connected to a tube-sheet. A pressure chamber is connected to the tube-sheet. The pressure chamber contains a guiding jacket that, at a first end thereof, is sealingly joined to the tube-sheet or the first tube portions and, at a second end thereof that is opposite to the first end, is open. The guiding jacket splits the pressure chamber into a first section and a second section. The first section and the second section are in communication with each other by means of the open end of the guiding jacket. The first section is provided with a liquid level, located below the open end, and therefore with a vapour chamber, located above the liquid level.

A shell-and-tube heat exchanger comprises a shell enclosing a plurality of U-shaped tubes. Each tube is provided with a first portion and with a second portion. The open ends of each tube are connected to a tube-sheet. A pressure chamber is connected to the tube-sheet. The pressure chamber contains a guiding jacket that, at a first end thereof, is sealingly joined to the tube-sheet or the first tube portions and, at a second end thereof that is opposite to the first end, is open. The guiding jacket splits the pressure chamber into a first section and a second section. The first section and the second section are in communication with each other by means of the open end of the guiding jacket. The first section is provided with a liquid level, located below the open end, and therefore with a vapour chamber, located above the liquid level.

In a multi-tube once-through boiler configured such that boiler water within water tubes is heated and evaporated to take out consumed steam, rows of water tubes arranged on the left and right of the combustion chamber are respectively connected by linear left and right upper headers provided at upper ends and linear left and right lower headers provided at lower ends, a lid body is formed on one end side facing the combustion chamber and a burner for supplying combustion gas to the combustion chamber is provided, and the burner is provided with a recovered oil supply unit for supplying recovered oil, a waste solvent supply unit for supplying a waste solvent, an injected air supply unit, a combustion air supply unit, and a control unit for controlling the supply of the recovered oil, the waste solvent, the injected air, and the combustion air.

In a multi-tube once-through boiler configured such that boiler water within water tubes is heated and evaporated to take out consumed steam, rows of water tubes arranged on the left and right of the combustion chamber are respectively connected by linear left and right upper headers provided at upper ends and linear left and right lower headers provided at lower ends, a lid body is formed on one end side facing the combustion chamber and a burner for supplying combustion gas to the combustion chamber is provided, and the burner is provided with a recovered oil supply unit for supplying recovered oil, a waste solvent supply unit for supplying a waste solvent, an injected air supply unit, a combustion air supply unit, and a control unit for controlling the supply of the recovered oil, the waste solvent, the injected air, and the combustion air.

A shell-and-tube apparatus (1), suitable for use as a waste heat boiler, comprising a vessel with an exchanging section (2) and a separating section (3), wherein: said exchanging section (2) contains a bundle of U-tubes (4) fed with an evaporable liquid medium such as water (W) and exposed to a hot gas (G) flowing in a hot chamber around said tubes, so that said medium is partially evaporated in the tubes while recovering heat from hot gas flowing in the hot chamber (7); said separating section (3) comprises a collection chamber (16) in communication with outlet of the tubes (4) to receive the partially evaporated medium leaving the tubes; said separating section (3) is arranged to provide separation of vapour fraction and liquid fraction from the partially evaporated medium at least partially by gravity; the apparatus also comprises means for controlling the liquid level in the collection chamber and for a partial recycle of the non-evaporated liquid.

A shell-and-tube apparatus (1), suitable for use as a waste heat boiler, comprising a vessel with an exchanging section (2) and a separating section (3), wherein: said exchanging section (2) contains a bundle of U-tubes (4) fed with an evaporable liquid medium such as water (W) and exposed to a hot gas (G) flowing in a hot chamber around said tubes, so that said medium is partially evaporated in the tubes while recovering heat from hot gas flowing in the hot chamber (7); said separating section (3) comprises a collection chamber (16) in communication with outlet of the tubes (4) to receive the partially evaporated medium leaving the tubes; said separating section (3) is arranged to provide separation of vapour fraction and liquid fraction from the partially evaporated medium at least partially by gravity; the apparatus also comprises means for controlling the liquid level in the collection chamber and for a partial recycle of the non-evaporated liquid.

A shell-and-tube heat exchanger comprises a shell enclosing a plurality of U-shaped tubes. Each tube is provided with a first portion and with a second portion. The open ends of each tube are connected to a tube-sheet. A pressure chamber is connected to the tube-sheet. The pressure chamber contains a guiding jacket that, at a first end thereof, is sealingly joined to the tube-sheet or the first tube portions and, at a second end thereof that is opposite to the first end, is open. The guiding jacket splits the pressure chamber into a first section and a second section. The first section and the second section are in communication with each other by means of the open end of the guiding jacket. The first section is provided with a liquid level, located below the open end, and therefore with a vapour chamber, located above the liquid level.

A shell-and-tube heat exchanger comprises a shell enclosing a plurality of U-shaped tubes. Each tube is provided with a first portion and with a second portion. The open ends of each tube are connected to a tube-sheet. A pressure chamber is connected to the tube-sheet. The pressure chamber contains a guiding jacket that, at a first end thereof, is sealingly joined to the tube-sheet or the first tube portions and, at a second end thereof that is opposite to the first end, is open. The guiding jacket splits the pressure chamber into a first section and a second section. The first section and the second section are in communication with each other by means of the open end of the guiding jacket. The first section is provided with a liquid level, located below the open end, and therefore with a vapour chamber, located above the liquid level.

A steam generator comprising a vessel having an inlet and an outlet, and in use a primary fluid flow enters the vessel through the inlet and exits the vessel through the outlet. A plurality of modules are connected in series and at least partially housed within the vessel, and each module comprises at least one tube. The modules are arranged such that at least one tube of one module is coaxial with at least one tube of an adjacent module so as to define a conduit through which a secondary fluid can flow from one module to an adjacent module.

A steam generator comprising a vessel having an inlet and an outlet, and in use a primary fluid flow enters the vessel through the inlet and exits the vessel through the outlet. A plurality of modules are connected in series and at least partially housed within the vessel, and each module comprises at least one tube. The modules are arranged such that at least one tube of one module is coaxial with at least one tube of an adjacent module so as to define a conduit through which a secondary fluid can flow from one module to an adjacent module.