A method and apparatus for protecting a furnace floor of a black liquor recovery boiler, where the furnace floor is covered by a protective layer, the protective layer being formed of a salt mixture including at least two different salts.

A method for improving effectiveness of a steam generator system includes providing air to an air preheater in excess of that required for combustion of fuel and providing the air at a mass flow such that the air preheater has a cold end metal temperature that is no less than a water dew point temperature in the air preheater and such that the cold end metal temperature is less than a sulfuric acid dew point temperature. The method includes mitigating SO.sub.3 in the flue gas which is discharged directly from the air preheater to a particulate removal system and then directly into a flue gas desulfurization system. Flue gas reheat air is fed from the air preheater to heat the flue gas prior to entering a discharge stack to raise the temperature of the flue gas to mitigate visible plume exiting and to mitigate corrosion in the discharge stack.

Organic water conditioning agents may be added to an aqueous stream that is supplied to a steam generator, such as a heat recovery steam generator within a combined cycle power plant. These organic water conditioning agents may degrade to electrically-charged decomposition products that can interfere with cation conductivity measurements made on the aqueous stream. To allow deployment of the organic water conditioning agents, a sampling device can process aqueous samples to destroy interfering organic molecules, such as through heat or irradiation. Cation conductivity measurements can then be made on the aqueous sample after destroying and removing interfering organic species from the sample stream.

An energy saving deaerator device includes: a first incoming flow path that generally follows a central axis of the device from a conically shaped inlet having converging sidewalls, to an expansion chamber having diverging sidewalls, to a compression chamber having converging sidewalls, to an outlet, a first entry port of the compression chamber being defined by an outlet of the expansion chamber; a second incoming flow path having sidewalls that converge to form a ring shaped second entry port of the compression chamber, the ring shaped second entry port being disposed around and concentric with the first entry port; and, wherein the first and second incoming flow paths converge at the compression chamber, with both flow paths being directed toward the outlet, to form an outgoing flow path.

A system and method of controlling corrosion of a heat exchanger, having a hot gas inlet and outlet and a cold side inlet and outlet. The method includes determining a temperature of the heat exchanger at a first selected location, controlling a temperature of a corrosion sensing device to a first selected temperature based on the temperature of the surface of the heat exchanger and determining a corrosion rate associated with the heat exchanger surface at the first selected location for the first selected temperature. The method also includes comparing the corrosion rate to an expected corrosion rate, determining a cold side fluid inlet temperature target for the heat exchanger based at least in part on the comparing, the determined corrosion; and controlling a cold side fluid inlet temperature based at least in part on the determined inlet temperature target, determined corrosion rate, and expected corrosion rate.

The present invention provides a corrosion-resistant structure for a high-temperature water system comprising: a structural material 1; and a corrosion-resistant film 3 formed from a substance containing at least one of La and Y deposited on a surface in a side that comes in contact with a cooling water 4, of the structural material 1 which constitutes the high-temperature water system that passes a cooling water 4 of high temperature therein. Due to above construction, there can be provided the corrosion-resistant structure and a corrosion-preventing method capable of operating a plant without conducting a water chemistry control of cooling water by injecting chemicals.

A system for regulating condensation of a flue gas in a steam generator is provided. The system includes a temperature controller and a flue gas analyzer. The temperature controller is configured to control a temperature of a component of the steam generator, the component being in heating-contact with the flue gas. The flue gas analyzer is configured to communicate with the temperature controller and to obtain a measurement of an amount of an acid-forming compound in the flue gas. The temperature controller adjusts the temperature of the component based at least in part on the measurement such that the temperature of the component is above an acid dew point of the flue gas when the component is in heating-contact with the flue gas.

A fire tube with three hollow tube sections, two of which are parallel to each other and one of which is perpendicular to and connects the ends of the first two tube sections. The bottom-most tube section, which contains the burner, has an inner ceramic liner that is made up of one or more separate ceramic tubular sections. An upper set of cooling funs surrounds the top part of the bottom-most tube section, and a lower set of cooling fins surrounds the bottom part of the bottom-most tube section.

In a method for vaporizing a liquid in a heat exchanger, a liquid vaporizes in the heat exchanger to form a gas which is sent to a user via a first pipe in normal operation, wherein if the rate of change of the rate of flow of liquid sent to the exchanger exceeds a threshold, the first pipe is closed and fluid, which may be gas vaporized in the heat exchanger and/or liquid not vaporized in the exchanger, is discharged into the atmosphere or to a flare stack through a second pipe and a valve, the opening of the valve being regulated by the fluid flow rate measured in the second pipe.

A system and method of controlling corrosion of a heat exchanger, having a hot gas inlet and outlet and a cold side inlet and outlet. The method includes determining a temperature of the heat exchanger at a first selected location, controlling a temperature of a corrosion sensing device to a first selected temperature based on the temperature of the surface of the heat exchanger and determining a corrosion rate associated with the heat exchanger surface at the first selected location for the first selected temperature. The method also includes comparing the corrosion rate to an expected corrosion rate, determining a cold side fluid inlet temperature target for the heat exchanger based at least in part on the comparing, the determined corrosion; and controlling a cold side fluid inlet temperature based at least in part on the determined inlet temperature target, determined corrosion rate, and expected corrosion rate.