A combustion system includes a fuel and oxidant source that outputs fuel and oxidant, a first perforated flame holder, and a second perforated flame holder separated from the first perforated flame holder by a gap. The first and second perforated flame holders sustain a combustion reaction of the fuel and oxidant within the first and second perforated flame holders.

A combustion system includes a fuel and oxidant source that outputs fuel and oxidant, a first perforated flame holder, and a second perforated flame holder separated from the first perforated flame holder by a gap. The first and second perforated flame holders sustain a combustion reaction of the fuel and oxidant within the first and second perforated flame holders.

A burner includes a porous flame holder configured to support a combustion reaction to achieve a very low output of oxides of nitrogen (NOx).

Disclosed herein are systems (e.g., moving bed redox systems) and methods for supplying thermal energy to an endothermic chemical process.

A combustion system includes a fuel and oxidant source that outputs fuel and oxidant, a first perforated flame holder, and a second perforated flame holder separated from the first perforated flame holder by a gap. The first and second perforated flame holders sustain a combustion reaction of the fuel and oxidant within the first and second perforated flame holders.

A horizontally-fired flame burner includes a flame holder positioned laterally from the burner. The flame holder includes a plurality of perforations that collectively confine a combustion reaction of the burner to the flame holder.

A fire tube boiler includes a perforated flame holder configured to hold a combustion reaction that produces very low oxides of nitrogen (NOx).

A combustion system includes a fuel and oxidant source that outputs fuel and oxidant, a first perforated flame holder, and a second perforated flame holder separated from the first perforated flame holder by a gap. The first and second perforated flame holders sustain a combustion reaction of the fuel and oxidant within the first and second perforated flame holders.

A burner system includes a plurality of burners, each having a nozzle positioned to emit a stream of fuel into a combustion volume, and a perforated flame holder, including a plurality of apertures extending between first and second faces thereof, and positioned to receive a stream of fuel from the respective nozzle. In operation, the flame holders are configured to hold a flame substantially within the plurality of apertures.

This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to burners. In one aspect, an apparatus includes a burner body, an inlet to the burner body, a divider disposed in the burner body, and a burner plate. The inlet is operable for delivery of a fuel/air mixture to the burner body. The divider forms a first section and a second section in the burner body. The divider defines a plurality of interior ports between the first section and the second section. The burner plate defines a combustion surface for the fuel/air mixture. The burner plate forms a surface of the burner body and in part defines the second section. The burner plate defines a plurality of primary ports. The burner plate further defines a plurality of secondary ports surrounding each primary port of the plurality of primary ports.