Embodiments of apparatuses and methods for controlling heat for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material are provided herein. The apparatus comprises a reheater for containing a fluidized bubbling bed comprising an oxygen-containing gas, inorganic heat carrier particles, and char and for burning the char into ash to form heated inorganic particles. An inorganic particle cooler is in fluid communication with the reheater to receive a first portion of the heated inorganic particles. The inorganic particle cooler is configured to receive a cooling medium for indirect heat exchange with the first portion of the heated inorganic particles to form first partially-cooled heated inorganic particles that are fluidly communicated to the reheater and combined with a second portion of the heated inorganic particles to form second partially-cooled heated inorganic particles. A reactor is in fluid communication with the reheater to receive the second partially-cooled heated inorganic particles.

A gasification melting facility comprises: a fluidized bed gasification furnace that generates pyrolysis gas by thermally decomposing waste and discharges incombustibles; a melting furnace into which the pyrolysis gas is fed; a pyrolysis gas passage that connects the fluidized bed gasification furnace and the melting furnace; a grinder that grinds the incombustibles discharged from the fluidized bed gasification furnace by passing the incombustibles through a plurality of rods; a vibratory sifter that screens the incombustibles ground in the grinder; a fixed amount feeder that feeds at a fixed amount the incombustibles that pass through the vibratory sifter, the fixed amount feeder including a plurality of transfer chambers rotatable between a position to receive the incombustibles from the vibratory sifter and a position to discharge the incombustibles; and an airflow conveyor that conveys the fixed amount of the incombustibles from the fixed amount feeder together with airflow.

A method for conducting combustion in a fluidized bed furnace, in particular having a sand bed, according to which a flow of primary combustion air is blown through the bed, the fuel consisting in particular of organic waste, or of municipal waste, or of sludge from purifying stations, it being possible to inject secondary air (5a) into the space (5) in the furnace located above the bed; in order to limit the production of nitrogen oxides NOx and nitrous oxide N2O: the nitrous oxide N2O and nitrogen oxide NOx content of the fumes at the outlet of the furnace are measured (12, 20); the temperature of the fluidized bed is controlled to keep it at the highest admissible value at which the production of nitrous oxide N2O is substantially reduced, while the production of nitrogen oxides NOx is not substantially increased; and the excess air in the fluidized bed is controlled to keep it at the lowest admissible value at which the production of nitrogen oxides NOx is reduced without adversely affecting the combustion and the temperature of the bed.

A pressurized incineration facility (100, 200) includes: a pressurized incinerator (1) which incinerates a processing object (P) under a pressure increased by compressed air (A); a turbocharger (5) which produces the compressed air by being rotationally driven by combustion exhaust gas (G) of the pressurized incinerator; and a seal device (5i) which jets seal gas (S) to a rear surface (5a1) of a turbine impeller (5a) of the turbocharger.