The invention relates to an apparatus for producing syngas, typically from municipal waste. In particular, a gasifier is used in combination with a plasma furnace. The system is configured so that non-airborne char generated in the gasifier is removed from the system prior to delivery to the plasma furnace. This enhances the energy efficiency of the system whilst still yielding excellent yields of syngas.

The invention relates to an apparatus for producing syngas, typically from municipal waste. In particular, a gasifier is used in combination with a plasma furnace. The system is configured so that non-airborne char generated in the gasifier is removed from the system prior to delivery to the plasma furnace. This enhances the energy efficiency of the system whilst still yielding excellent yields of syngas.

The gas swirling state determination system (10) determines the quality of the swirling state of gas that swirls around the central axis. The gas swirling state determination system (10) includes an imaging device (39), an information processing device (11), and a display device (42). The imaging device (39) captures swirling gas from a direction along the central axis to acquire a still image. The information processing device (11) includes a calculation unit (40), a smoothing unit (41), and a determination unit (43). The display device (42) displays a determination result.

A heat treatment system includes a pyrolysis furnace that pyrolyzes a raw material to produce a pyrolysis product and a co-current rotary kiln that heats an object to be heated using the pyrolysis product produced in the pyrolysis furnace.

A feed system for a reactor, a reactor assembly comprising such a feed system, and a method of supplying a feed material to a reactor with a feed system are provided. The reactor may be a pyrolysis reactor, such as a fluidised bed pyrolysis reactor. A method of pyrolysing a feed material is also provided. The feed system may comprise a feed conduit extending from an inlet to an outlet, and may have a first section including the inlet and a second section including the outlet. The first section may accommodate an auger. The second section may comprise at least one plug forming zone in which feed material is compressed into a substantially gas-tight plug during operation. There may be a temperature regulator for controlling the temperature in the second section. The temperature regulator may comprise a cooling jacket.

A feed system for a reactor, a reactor assembly comprising such a feed system, and a method of supplying a feed material to a reactor with a feed system are provided. The reactor may be a pyrolysis reactor, such as a fluidised bed pyrolysis reactor. A method of pyrolysing a feed material is also provided. The feed system may comprise a feed conduit extending from an inlet to an outlet, and may have a first section including the inlet and a second section including the outlet. The first section may accommodate an auger. The second section may comprise at least one plug forming zone in which feed material is compressed into a substantially gas-tight plug during operation. There may be a temperature regulator for controlling the temperature in the second section. The temperature regulator may comprise a cooling jacket.

Plastic-powered power generator. In an embodiment, the plastic-powered power generator comprises a primary reactor with an air-fuel distribution assembly configured to supply fluidized polymer, air, and oxidizer to a primary reactor chamber, and an ignition system configured to ignite a mixture of the fluidized polymer, air, and oxidizer. The primary reactor chamber extends into a secondary reactor, to, when ignited, heat air flowing through the secondary reactor from a blower to a heat exchanger. The heated air flow may convert fluid, in a coil within the heat exchanger, into steam, which can drive a turbine to generate electrical power.

A method for incinerating organic matter derived from the treatment of wastewater, or of industrial or agricultural waste, such as sludge and notably treatment plant sludge, is in a fluidized-bed incineration furnace, the furnace including a chamber in the lower part of which there is a bed of particles, preferentially sand, constituting a fluidization zone, in which fluidization zone the organic matter is introduced as fuel whilst air is injected as oxidizer into the bed of sand from a wind box through a fluidization dome surmounting the box. The air passes through passages made in the fluidization dome, and the furnace is configured to treat a nominal value of volume of organic matter to be treated. The method includes a step of adjusting the volume of the fluidization zone as a function of the volume of organic matter to be treated in which, when the volume of organic matter to be treated is lower than the nominal value, the volume of the fluidization zone is reduced from an initial volume to a reduced volume, and the incoming air flow is reduced by closing air passages so only the passages opening into the thus reduced fluidization zone are left active.

A method for incinerating organic matter derived from the treatment of wastewater, or of industrial or agricultural waste, such as sludge and notably treatment plant sludge, is in a fluidized-bed incineration furnace, the furnace including a chamber in the lower part of which there is a bed of particles, preferentially sand, constituting a fluidization zone, in which fluidization zone the organic matter is introduced as fuel whilst air is injected as oxidizer into the bed of sand from a wind box through a fluidization dome surmounting the box. The air passes through passages made in the fluidization dome, and the furnace is configured to treat a nominal value of volume of organic matter to be treated. The method includes a step of adjusting the volume of the fluidization zone as a function of the volume of organic matter to be treated in which, when the volume of organic matter to be treated is lower than the nominal value, the volume of the fluidization zone is reduced from an initial volume to a reduced volume, and the incoming air flow is reduced by closing air passages so only the passages opening into the thus reduced fluidization zone are left active.

The present invention relates to a technique for treating a raw material, such as combustible waste, and more particularly to combustion, and pyrolysis and gasification treatment techniques that does not emit carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. A treatment apparatus includes a fluidized-bed furnace having a pyrolysis chamber and a combustion chamber therein, the pyrolysis chamber and the combustion chamber are separated by a partition wall, an electrolysis device configured to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen and oxygen, a methanation reactor configured to produce methane from carbon dioxide discharged from the combustion chamber and the hydrogen, a first fluidizing-gas supply line configured to supply a first fluidizing gas to the pyrolysis chamber, and a second fluidizing-gas supply line configured to introduce a second fluidizing gas to the combustion chamber, the second fluidizing gas including the oxygen and a part of the carbon dioxide.