A vacuum cleaner includes an air inlet, a filter, a fan, and a main air outlet. The filter has a clean side and an unclean side. An unclean air chamber is formed between the air inlet and the unclean side of the filter. A first air chamber is formed between the clean side of the filter and the fan. An air outlet chamber is formed between the fan and the main air outlet. The upstream end of the air outlet chamber is connected to the first air chamber. An airflow may enter the vacuum cleaner from an external environment via the air inlet under the action of the fan, and sequentially passes through the unclean air chamber, the filter, the first air chamber and the air outlet chamber the main air outlet. The vacuum cleaner may include a self-cleaning air passage and an air supply air passage.

A refuse incineration plant with an incineration device for generating steam, at least one downstream steam turbine with electricity generator for generating electric current, and for generating refuse products. Electricity, steam, processed refuse products of the refuse incineration plant, processed, fusible rock or rock mixture and processed refuse fibres and dusts are used to operate a rock wool production plant, the refuse heat and exhaust air being fed to the combustion device of the refuse incineration plant.

An expansion pipe joint that absorbs displacement occurring at a connection portion between an upstream pipe and a downstream pipe includes an outer tube having a downstream end coupled to the downstream pipe, an inner tube that is inserted into the outer tube and has an upstream end coupled to the upstream pipe, and a closing member having elasticity that is provided between an upstream end of the outer tube and the upstream end of the inner tube so as to close a gap between them. Then, a difference between a position in an axial direction of the upstream end of the outer tube and a position in the axial direction of the upstream end of the inner tube is within a predetermined range so that a bus line of the closing member is inclined from the axial direction.

A steam soot blowing device is provided, including: a steam sootblower, a first pipe communicating with the steam sootblower; and nozzle assemblies communicating with the first pipe, including a first nozzle assembly and a second nozzle assembly, wherein the first nozzle assembly includes a throttle pipe with one end communicating with the first pipe, and a sprayer communicating with the other end of the throttle pipe, and diameter of an inlet of the sprayer is smaller than diameter of an outlet thereof; the second nozzle assembly includes a distribution pipe communicating with the first pipe and at least one nozzle communicating with the distribution pipe, wherein steam jet velocity at the outlet of the sprayer is greatly smaller than steam jet velocity at an outlet of the nozzle.

A simplified submerged chain conveyor system for handling ash produced by large-scale coal fired boilers. The system incorporates an endless chain conveyor system moving a coal/ash aqueous mixture within a conveyor segment having a hydraulically closed duct. The system is adapted for retrofit applications of existing coal-fired boiler installations. In each embodiment the chain conveyor elevates the aqueous ash solution to dewater the ash. In several embodiments the boiler ash hopper is partially flooded with water and the system moves the ash mixture through a water column to the dewatering section. In one embodiment the ash mixture is not submersed but is subjected to water sprays before reaching the dewatering section. Great flexibility is provided in locating and positioning the conveyor system. One unit may be implemented to provide ash handling for multiple boilers. Embodiments are described operable in continuous or batch mode processes.

A method of facilitating wet recovery of high density material from input wet incinerator bottom ash is disclosed. The method involves receiving the input wet incinerator bottom ash at a first density separator, separating by density from the input wet incinerator bottom ash, by the first density separator, first high density wet incinerator bottom ash and first low density wet incinerator bottom ash, causing the first low density wet incinerator bottom ash to flow to a second density separator, and separating by density from the first low density wet incinerator bottom ash, by the second density separator, second high density wet incinerator bottom ash and second low density incinerator bottom ash. Systems and apparatuses are also disclosed.

The disclosure provides for a device for selectively agitating briquettes on a grill supporting plate. The device includes a variable frequency vibrational device, a power source, and a control circuit that controls the vibrational device at selected frequencies to create various Chladni patterns in the plate and, therefore, heating patterns over the surface of a briquette-supporting pan. The plate supports one or more pieces of charcoal and the device is integrated into the pan. When turned on, the vibrational device vibrates at a selected frequency. This vibration is translated to the briquette-supporting plate and causes different charcoal briquettes to selectively vibrate. The device is capable of selectively activating or pixilating briquettes to generate higher temperatures over different surface areas of the plate when the grill is cooking one or more pieces of food requiring different degrees of grilling or cooking.

A method of the invention for treatment of particulate material for metal recovery includes heating a furnace to a first temperature, feeding a particulate material into the furnace, and before or after heating of the raw material, feeding a reducing gas flow through the furnace. The particulate material is heated in the furnace for volatilizing one or more metals contained in the ash into the gas flow, and the volatilized particles are recovered in one or more collection units. A system for treatment of particulate material for metal recovery includes a heated furnace for receiving flows of reduction gas and particulate material, a collection unit for volatilized particles, and a collection unit for non-volatilized material.

An apparatus for recycling fly ash has a quantum energy generator therein. The apparatus recycles fly ash generated as the combustion waste from the burning of coal in thermal power plants, into construction materials such as cement substitutes, environment-friendly cover materials, etc. Unburned pulverized coal is removed while generating carbon monoxide (CO) or carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) through a combustion reaction, in which the unburned pulverized coal of the fly ash contacts the thermal electrons discharged during a thermal decomposition process at a high temperature, the negative electrodes of the thermal decomposition part, which are heated at a high temperature of 500° C., which is an ignition point of the unburned pulverized coal, or higher, and a high-voltage discharge electrode of an electrochemical reaction part, then heated at 500° C. or higher, and then naturally burned under an oxygen atmosphere (oxygen or ionized oxygen ions in air contained in the fly ash).

A system and mechanism for bottom ash flow turndown from a hopper, through a crusher, and to a conveyor, the system including a fixed flow restrictor and a variable speed side discharge crusher to modulate bottom ash flow in the absence of gate or valve flow from a hopper, the conveyor providing a signal corresponding to an overfeed condition to enable a controller to operate the crusher and/or the conveyor to eliminate overfeed conditions.