In order to allow for thermal elongation of a liner, a pipe member, in the interior of which flows a fluid containing solids, is provided with: a tubular outer pipe; a single tubular liner provided inside the outer pipe with a gap therebetween in the radial direction, or a plurality thereof arranged serially in the direction of the pipe axis C; a refractory material filled in between the outer pipe and the liner; a first liner holding member that is provided on an end portion side of the outer pipe, and that holds the liner arranged on the end portion side in a restrained state in the pipe axis C direction and the circumferential direction around the pipe axis C; and a second liner holding member that is provided on an end portion side of the outer pipe, and that holds the liner arranged on the end portion side.

A gas fixture safety cover comprising: a plurality of walls, and a plurality of nozzle slots located in the walls, and plurality of handle slots located in the walls, the walls and slots configured to allow the gas fixture safety cover to slide over a gas fixture and abut a countertop if all of the gas valve handles are in an off position, and further configured to prevent the gas fixture safety cover from sliding over a gas fixture and abutting a counter top if any of the gas valve handles are in a turned on position.

A gas fixture safety cover comprising: a first wall; a second wall attached to the first wall, the second wall is generally perpendicular to the first wall; a third wall attached to the second wall and generally perpendicular to the second wall; a fourth wall attached to the third wall and first wall, the fourth wall generally perpendicular to the third wall and first wall; a first nozzle vertical slot in the first wall and extending to the bottom of the first wall; a second nozzle vertical slot in the second wall and extending to the bottom of the second wall and where the height of the first handle vertical slot is higher than the height of the first nozzle vertical slot; where when the gas fixture safety cover can only slide down over a two nozzle and two handle gas fixture when the two handles are both turned off; where when the gas fixture safety cover has slid onto a gas fixture when the gas valve handle is turned off, the gas fixture safety cover abuts a counter top, and where when the gas fixture safety cover has slid onto a gas fixture when the gas valve handle is turned on, the gas fixture safety cover does not abut a counter top.

Provided is a carbon fuel pneumatic dryer in which synthesis gas generated in a reactor is fed and cooled, including: a feeding part formed as a narrow pipe, via which synthesis gas and carbon fuel are fed; a drying part formed as a pipe having a larger diameter than the feeding part, in which the hot synthesis gas fed via the feeding part is cooled and the moisture content of the carbon fuel is lowered; and a conveying part formed as a pipe having a smaller diameter than the drying part such that the flow velocity of the synthesis gas and the carbon fuel having passed the drying part is increased, wherein the conveying part includes a bend so that the flow direction of the synthesis gas and the carbon fuel is changed.

A fuel head assembly (120) for a pulverized coal nozzle includes removeable back cover (123) that may be removed substantially horizontally to allow access to liners (141,143,145) inside of the fuel head assembly (120) for servicing. This may be used in places where there access from above the fuel head assembly (120) is restricted. The liners (141,143,145) are constructed of a wear-resistant material and include curved vanes (131,133) for more evenly distributing pulverized solid fuel particles, and for reducing erosion of the fuel head assembly (120).