To grasp a state of a combustion apparatus based on a flame state of a burner, a discharge number measurement unit measures the number of discharges of a flame sensor per unit time. A light emission information generation unit generates, as light emission information, information obtained based on a value obtained by dividing a total (accumulation) of the number of discharges per unit time measured by the discharge number measurement unit by a total measurement time. A determination unit determines the state of the combustion apparatus to be inspected based on the light emission information generated by the light emission information generation unit as described above.

To grasp a state of a combustion apparatus based on a flame state of a burner, a discharge number measurement unit measures the number of discharges of a flame sensor per unit time. A light emission information generation unit generates, as light emission information, information obtained based on a value obtained by dividing a total (accumulation) of the number of discharges per unit time measured by the discharge number measurement unit by a total measurement time. A determination unit determines the state of the combustion apparatus to be inspected based on the light emission information generated by the light emission information generation unit as described above.

A multi-function sight port door includes a sensor mount attached at an aperture within the sight port door. A sensor is mounted to the sensor mount and configured to monitor the interior of a heater that the multi-function sight port door is mounted to. The multi-function sight port door is also configured to open to allow visual inspection of the interior of the heater while the sensor is mounted thereto. The multi-function sight port may be configured to allow for one or more of X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, tilt, roll, and yaw positioning of the sensor as mounted to the sight port door. The sensor may be a temperature sensor, pressure sensor, flame scanner, gas analyzer, optical-based sensor, thermal imager, thermal camera, or laser-based analyzer.

The present disclosure relates to a flame transfer function measurement system for prediction and reduction of combustion instability.

A method for controlling a combustion apparatus having a combustion state in which a parameter related to the combustion state reflects a chaotic behavior is provided. The method includes the steps of measuring the parameter and determining a time series of the parameter, shifting the time series by a variable time delay for determining a time-shifted signal, and forming a difference between the time-shifted signal and the time series for determining a time dependent first signal, so that a norm of the difference is lowest. A time dependent second signal is determined, wherein determining the time dependent second signal includes at least one of using a frequency of a desired oscillating combustion state, and shifting the time series by a set time delay. The first signal and the second signal are combined to determine a control signal. The control signal is used to influence the combustion apparatus.

A stove (1) having a combustion chamber (2) supplied by one or more air supply paths (9, 14, 16). One or more valves (11, 15, 17) are provided for controlling airflow through the one or more air supply paths (9, 14, 16). A temperature sensor (4) is used to determine the air temperature associated with the combustion chamber (2), and a flame sensor (3) is used to determine the burn intensity of a fuel in the combustion chamber (2). A controller (5) controls the one or more valves (11, 15, 17) to adjust the airflow through the one or more air supply paths (9, 14, 16) based on inputs from the flame and temperature sensors (3, 4).

Control unit for detecting a flame in operation using flame monitors suitable for burners operated using a fuel, wherein the flame monitor comprises at least one sensor as operating means for detecting the radiation emission from a flame as a visible reaction between fuel and oxidizing oxygen in a combustion region, and an evaluation circuit associated with the at least one sensor, the evaluation circuit determining whether the radiation received by the sensor corresponds to that of a burning flame and, if the result is negative, generating a fuel supply switch-off signal, wherein at least two flame detectors are connected in such a way that a basic electrical circuit is formed which processes the output signals of the at least two flame monitors via closing contacts in an OR operation or via closing contacts in an AND operation, depending on which of at least two operating states of flame detection is assigned to the output signals of the flame monitors, and a switching logic is provided for switching between the at least two operating states, which logic links an intelligent subsystem with a logic function plan.

A method for operating a combustion chamber is provided. The method includes introducing a fuel into the combustion chamber via a plurality of nozzles, each nozzle having an associated stoichiometry for an output end of the nozzle. The method further includes measuring the stoichiometry of each nozzle via one or more sensors to obtain stoichiometric data, and determining that at least one of a frequency and an amplitude of spectral line fluctuations derived from the stoichiometric data has exceeded a threshold. The method further includes adjusting the stoichiometry of at least one of the nozzles based at least in part on the stoichiometric data so as to maintain a flame stability of the combustion chamber.

A flame detector including an ultraviolet emitter configured to emit ultraviolet light at a strike voltage less than or equal to approximately 230 volts. A method of manufacturing an ultraviolet emitter for use in a flame detector, the ultraviolet emitter including a hermetically sealed, alkali rich, ultraviolet transmissive glass envelope, the method including: (a) wrapping an envelope exterior surface with a conductive material; (b) performing a first injection of at least one non-radioactive gas into the glass envelope at a first pressure; (c) applying a voltage bias to the glass envelope; (d) baking the hermetically sealed, alkali rich, ultraviolet transmissive glass envelope at a baking temperature for a baking duration of time; (e) cooling the hermetically sealed, alkali rich, ultraviolet transmissive glass envelope to a desired temperature; and (f) performing a second injection of at least one non-radioactive gas into the glass envelope at a second pressure.

A flame scanner includes a lens barrel assembly defining a generally hollow body having a first end and a second end, and an opening formed in the first end, a lens positioned adjacent to the second end, and a fiber optic cable receivable through the opening in the first end, the fiber optic cable having a distal end. A field of view of the flame scanner is selectively adjustable by varying a position of the distal end of the fiber optic cable with respect to the lens.