Disclosed are system 100 and method of energy efficient hot and cold water management. The system 100 comprises: a control unit 101 for dynamically controlling the functioning of the system 100; at least a water storage tank 102 with at least one of a water level sensor, at least a heating element 1021, at least a temperature sensor 1022 or any combination thereof; at least an auxiliary water storage tank 103 with at least one of a water level sensor, at least a temperature sensor 1032; at least a water mixer unit 105 having at least a temperature sensor 1051; a user interface unit 1012 for controlling and monitoring different parameters including temperature, water level, opening and closing of valves 108 and 109; and a power supply with power backup unit 104 for providing basic power for proper functioning of the system 100.

A heat distribution system, method and computer program product, including an unpressurized tank configured for holding a heat transfer fluid; and one or more submersible heat transfer fluid pumps configured to pump the heat transfer fluid to one or more heat load loops respectively connected to the one or more heat transfer fluid pumps.

Some aspects of the present disclosure relate to a sensor probe kit that has an electrical connection that ensures a sensor probe has been properly positioned in a boiler well. In some embodiments, the sensor probe kit has a seating mechanism that positively positions a sensor probe at a predetermined position within a boiler well. In many instances, the seating mechanism provides tactile feedback to an installer when the sensor probe is properly positioned within the boiler well. These features can help ensure the sensor probe is properly installed, and helps keep the sensor probe electrically connected to the well at all times after installation.

A switch assembly includes an automatic type 11 switch having 1 and 2 contacts and 3 and 4 contacts with the 2 and 3 contacts being shorted together, configured to respond to a water level of a boiler, short the 1 and 2 contacts when the water level is high, short the 3 and 4 contacts when the water level is low; and an electronic circuit board having a processor configured to sense signaling containing information about the 1, 2/3 and 4 contacts, and provide control signaling containing information about the water level of the boiler. The electronic circuit board also includes a relay configured to respond to the control signaling, and turn the relay on/off.

An Organic Rankine Cycle power generation system includes: a first heat storage tank having a closed cylindrical shape and including a first internal heat exchanger therein; a second heat storage tank including a second internal heat exchanger therein; a first circulating pipe branched from a high temperature water supply pipe; a second circulation pipe branched from the high temperature water supply pipe; a first cold water supply pipe supplying cold water from the outside to the inside of the first heat storage tank; a second cold water supply pipe supplying cold water from the outside to the inside of the second heat storage tank; and an opening and closing unit selectively opening and closing the first circulation pipe and the second circulation pipe, and the first cold water supply pipe and the second cold water supply pipe.

Disclosed is an air heating apparatus including a burner that causes a combustion reaction, a main passage, through which water flows while circulating, a heat exchanging device that receives heat from combustion gas generated by the combustion reaction and heats the water flowing along the main passage, a heating heat exchanger that receives the water heated by the heat exchanging device and exchanges heat with the air for heating, a fan that blows the air to the heating heat exchanger, and an expansion tank disposed in the main passage to accommodate a change in a volume of the water and having an expansion opening opened to an outside.

A combined water heater and thermostatic control device that combines the functionality of a water heater, thermostat and shut off valve, and may be installed in various aircraft lavatory applications to facilitate installation, consolidate functions, and reduce the probability of leaks. The combined device may include a water tank assembly, a torque motor valve and servo valve assembly, and a shut-off valve assembly. The combined device may also include a temperature control unit that senses water temperature in a water tank assembly and may activate a water heater.

A water heating system can include a water heater having a tank, and a first temperature sensor disposed toward a top end of the tank to measure a first temperature and a second temperature sensor disposed toward a bottom end of the tank to measure a second temperature. The water heating system can further include a controller communicably coupled to the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, where the controller determines an amount of heated water in the tank based on a plurality of algorithms and measurements made by the first and second temperature sensors. The plurality of algorithms solves for at least one calculated temperature for at least one point between a first location of the first temperature sensor and a second location of the second temperature sensor, where the at least one calculated temperature is used to determine the amount of heated water in the tank.

A water heating system can include a water heater having a tank, and a first temperature sensor disposed toward a top end of the tank to measure a first temperature and a second temperature sensor disposed toward a bottom end of the tank to measure a second temperature. The water heating system can further include a controller communicably coupled to the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, where the controller determines an amount of heated water in the tank based on a plurality of algorithms and measurements made by the first and second temperature sensors. The plurality of algorithms solves for at least one calculated temperature for at least one point between a first location of the first temperature sensor and a second location of the second temperature sensor, where the at least one calculated temperature is used to determine the amount of heated water in the tank.

A fluid transportation network (1) comprises a plurality of parallel zones (Z1, Z2), fed by a common supply line (L), with a regulating zone valve (V1, V2) in each zone (Z1, Z2) for regulating a flow of fluid (ϕ.sub.1, ϕ.sub.2) through the respective zone (Z1, Z2). A processing unit (RE) receives valve positions (pos.sub.1, pos.sub.2) of the regulating zone valves (V1, V2) and determines and sets an adjusted valve position for a line valve (VE) arranged in the supply line (L), depending on the valve positions (pos.sub.1, pos.sub.2) of the regulating zone valves (V1, V2). A processing unit (RE) further receives a measurement of a total flow of fluid (ϕ.sub.tot) through the supply line (L) and determines and sets adjusted valve positions for the regulating zone valves (V1, V2), depending on the measurement of the total flow of fluid (ϕ.sub.tot) through the supply line (L).