A combined cooling and heating system including a district cooling grid having a feed conduit for an incoming flow of cooling fluid having a first temperature, and a return conduit for a return flow of cooling fluid having a second temperature, the second temperature being higher than the first temperature; a local cooling system being configured to absorb heat from a first building and comprising a heat exchanger having a heat exchanger inlet and a heat exchanger outlet; and a local heating system being configured to heat the first or a second building and comprising a heat pump having a heat pump inlet and a heat pump outlet. The heat exchanger inlet is connected to the feed conduit of the district cooling grid; and the heat pump inlet is connected to the return conduit of the district cooling grid and to the heat exchanger outlet.

A hydronic system includes a partition, a first conduit embedded in a first side of the partition, a second conduit embedded in a second side of the partition, a first sheet of finishing material covering the first conduit, a second sheet of finishing material covering the second conduit, and at least one valve and at least one pump. The at least one valve and at least one pump are configured to control a flow of a fluid inside the first conduit and the second conduit. When the hydronic system is operating in an isolating mode, the fluid flows in a first closed loop through the first conduit and the fluid flows in a second closed loop through the second conduit. When the hydronic system is operating in a heat exchange mode, the fluid flows between the first conduit and the second conduit in a third closed loop.

A temperature regulating apparatus can comprise a housing, an intake fan, an outlet fan, and one or more canisters containing a pressurized cooling gas, such as carbon dioxide, freon, nitrogen, difluoroethane, trifluoroethane, or tetrafluoroethane, positioned within the housing. The inlet fan draws warm air from outside of the housing into the housing through vent openings formed in the housing. Cooling gas is released from the cannisters when a temperature sensing device detects the ambient temperature is above a predetermined desired temperature, and the outlet fan blows cooled air out of the housing through the vent openings, whereby the ambient temperature outside of the housing can be cooled to the predetermined desired temperature.

A combined HVAC and fire suppression system includes a HVAC apparatus and a fluid outlet for release of heat exchange fluid into a discharge plenum of the HVAC system. The heat exchange fluid is a clean agent, such that release of the heat exchange fluid into the discharge plenum provides a fire suppressant effect for a conditioned space. The HVAC apparatus includes a network of piping holding a heat exchange fluid and arranged for chilling the heat exchange fluid via a chiller connected to the piping; a fan coil unit connected to the network of piping, the fan coil unit includes a coil for passage of the heat exchange fluid chilled by the chiller, a fan for movement of air over the coil in order to transfer heat from the air to the heat exchange fluid in the coil, and the discharge plenum.

An evaporative cooler includes a first heat exchanger, a first coolant storage, a second coolant storage, and a first airflow drive. The first heat exchanger is capable of cooling a coolant flowing through the first heat exchanger, and cooling an air flowing through the first heat exchanger by way of the cooled coolant. The first coolant storage forms a first coolant circulating path with the first heat exchanger and provides the coolant to the first heat exchanger. The second coolant storage forms a second coolant circulating path with the first coolant storage and is capable of supplementing the first coolant storage with the coolant. The capacity of the second coolant storage is larger than that of the first coolant storage. The first airflow drive cooperates with the first heat exchanger to direct and eject the air flowing through the first heat exchanger.

A water distribution apparatus and method including cold and hot water supplies, a fan coil (or chilled beam device), a control valve having cold and hot water inlets and outlets, cold and hot water outputs configured to supply cold and hot water to the fan coil, cold and hot water return inlets configured to receive from the fan coil the water supplied by the cold and/or water outputs and outputting the cold and/or hot water to the cold and hot water supply lines, respectively, via the cold and hot water outlets, respectively. Cold and hot water is supplied from the cold and/or hot water outputs to the fan coil and received into the cold and hot water return inlets, respectively, and the cold and hot water supplied by the cold and hot water outputs to the fan coil is output to the cold and hot water supply lines, respectively.

A cooling system includes a cooling device having a first cooling coil and a second cooling coil, a first heat transfer fluid in fluid communication with the first cooling coil, a second heat transfer fluid in fluid communication with the second cooling coil, a first heat exchanger in fluid communication with the first heat transfer fluid and the second heat transfer fluid, a second heat exchanger in fluid communication with the second heat transfer fluid and a source of external air, a system of fluid control devices in fluid communication with the second heat transfer fluid and configured to minimize a change in a total pressure drop of the second heat transfer fluid when the cooling system switches between operating modes, and a controller configured to selectively control the cooling device and the system of fluid control devices to operate the cooling system in each of the operating modes.

Provided is an air conditioning apparatus. The air conditioning apparatus includes an outdoor unit which includes a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger and through which a refrigerant is circulated, an indoor unit through which water is circulated, a heat exchanger in which the refrigerant and the water are heat-exchanged with each other, a water tube configured to guide the water circulated through the indoor unit and the heat exchanger, a pump installed in the water tube, and a controller configured to analyze an output signal of the pump so as to calculate a ration of an air layer in the water tube, the controller being configured to control a target supercooling degree or target superheating degree of the heat exchanger according to the calculated ratio of the air layer.

Control process of a thermal plant including a distribution circuit for a carrier fluid having a delivery line and a return line, a central thermal treatment group placed on the circuit, and channels, each of which is hydraulically interposed between the delivery line and the return line to serve respective environments. For each of the channels, the plant includes a respective exchange unit, a flow regulator to regulate a flow rate of carrier fluid through in the respective channel, an ambient temperature detector, a temperature detector of the carrier fluid for detecting a delivery temperature of the carrier fluid in each channel, and a return temperature of the carrier fluid in each channel. The process also includes a thermal optimization procedure as a function of ambient temperature, delivery temperature and return temperature of the carrier fluid.

Methods, systems, and devices provided in accordance with various embodiments are generally related to the field of thermal management systems for buildings (or volumes in general), such as cold storage, food processing, or other buildings that have areas that are kept below freezing. Embodiments generally pertain to the management of temperature and humidity within these spaces. Some embodiments include system for the management of moisture and temperature inside cold spaces. Some embodiments include a heat and mass transfer exchanger, such as a direct constant gas liquid heat and mass transfer exchanger. Examples of such heat and mass transfer exchangers generally include wet scrubbers. Embodiments also generally include a series of ducts, pipes, heat exchangers, dampers, and/or valves that may allow the system to provide useful temperature and relative humidity levels to one or more spaces or volumes.