A standoff assembly for use in terminating a plurality of resistive heaters disposed within a fluid vessel includes a pressure adapter plate, an electrical enclosure adapter plate, and a plurality of conduits. An end portion of each of the resistive heating elements extends through the pressure adapter plate. The electrical enclosure adapter plate is spaced apart from the pressure adapter plate to define a dry volume therebetween. The conduits are secured to the pressure adapter plate and the electrical enclosure adapter plate. Each conduit is aligned concentrically with each of the resistive heating elements. An electrical termination portion of each resistive heating element is disposed within the conduit.

A heated and chilled water dispenser comprising: a housing; an input port fast with the housing for connection to a mains pressure water supply; at least one chilled water container arranged to receive water from the input port; a water chilling assembly arranged to cool said at least one chilled water container; at least one hot water tank including a heating element and a water receiving arrangement to receive water from the input port, the water receiving arrangement including an inlet valve responsive to water level; an inlet plenum associated with the inlet valve, the plenum being coupled with the input port to receive water, the plenum further comprising a fill pipe coupled to the hot water tank for supplying water to the hot water tank; a thermostat coupled to said at least one hot water tank for controlling the heating element and thus temperature of water within the hot water tank; a two way outlet tap configured for dispensing hot water from the hot water supply or chilled water from the chilled water container in accordance with a user's selection; a liquid delivery device coupled to said at least one hot water tank for supplying hot water from the hot water tank, said device being arranged to be actuated by the outlet tap.

A water heating assembly, related kit, use and method make use of a temperature control near a point of use of water, so as to reduce a time response for hot water at this point of use are provided. The water heating assembly includes a tank for containing water, an inlet temperature sensor for sensing an inlet temperature of the water upstream of the tank, and a valve located upstream of the tank. The valve is actuated when the sensed inlet temperature reaches a given temperature set-point such that the water is bypassed from the tank and directly sent to the point of use. The water heating assembly is configured such that the point of use can be fed with water at the desired temperature in a reduced time, the water coming directly from the hot water source and/or the water heating assembly, thereby saving water, energy and time.

A method of defrosting a heat pump device including a water tank, a heat exchanger, an electrical heating element, an evaporator, a fan for the evaporator, and a control unit. In a first operating mode, the heat pump device is controlled to heat water inside the water tank. In a second operating mode, the electrical heating element is manually activated to additionally heat the water inside the water tank. In a third operating mode, the electrical heating element is automatically activating to heat the water in the storage tank if: the power supplied by the heat pump device to heat the water inside the water tank is not sufficient; if a time limit after activation of a deicing operation has lapsed; and/or if the number of times the deicing operation has been activated during a predetermined time interval exceeds a threshold value.

An electric heater for heating a substance, in particular for a tank for a system for reducing the environmental pollution of a motor vehicle; the electric heater comprising a metal sheet adapted to generate heat when it is crossed by an electric current; two polymeric layers between which the metal sheet is arranged; at least one PTC layer, having a positive temperature coefficient, which at least partially coats the metal sheet; wherein the two polymeric layers are hermetically sealed to each other, defining a casing which prevents the substance to be heated from coming into contact with the metal sheet; wherein said at least one PTC layer has a thickness from 5 to 50 μm; wherein said metal sheet is in contact, in particular directly in contact, with both the polymeric layers.

In an electric water heater having adjustable set point and differential temperatures, upper and lower heating elements, and associated temperature sensors respectively operative to sense upper and lower tank water temperatures, a specially designed control system is provided for controlling the heating elements. The control system is operative to prevent dry firing of the heating elements by measuring temperatures over time with the temperature sensors.

The metal tank portion of an electric water heater is protected against corrosion utilizing a corrosion protection system that detects a voltage potential between the sheath portion of a tank water-immersed electric heating element and the tank. In one embodiment of the corrosion protection system the sensed sheath/tank potential is utilized to enable a user of the water heater to accurately gauge the necessity of replacing a sacrificial anode extending into the tank. In another corrosion protection system, the sensed sheath/tank potential is utilized to provide impressed current cathodic protection of the tank and also to prevent dry firing of the electric water heater.

A hot water tank including: a shell enclosing a chamber containing a heat exchange liquid, the shell including a base, side wall and lid; a cold water inlet connected to a first end of a heat exchanger, and a hot water outlet connected to a second end of the heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger is located in an upper portion of the chamber; a primary heating element connected to a power source for heating the heat exchange liquid, the primary heating element being located in a lower portion of the chamber.

Device (1) for producing hot liquid, comprising:—a tank (2) of liquid, —a system (6) for heating the contents of the tank (2), —a heat exchanger (7) comprising a primary circuit (8) equipped with a fluid inlet (8A) and a fluid outlet (8B), a secondary circuit (9) equipped with a fluid inlet (9A) and a fluid outlet (9B) and a region (10) for exchanging heat energy between the primary circuit (8) and the secondary circuit (9), —a circuit (11) for circulation in a loop between the tank (2) and the primary circuit (8) of the heat exchanger (7), and —a pump (12) arranged on the circuit (11) for circulation in a loop. The device (1) comprises a valve (31) arranged on the circuit (11) for circulation in a loop between the tank (2) and the primary circuit (8) of the heat exchanger (7), a member (32) for moving the valve (31) between an open position and a closed position, a control unit (17) for controlling at least the pump (12) and the member (32) for moving the valve (31).

The present disclosure provides a water heater including a bypass conduit to allow flow of cold water from an inlet pipe to an outlet pipe, and an outlet temperature sensor coupled to the outlet pipe downstream of an outlet of the bypass conduit, to sense temperature of mixture of hot water and cold water in the outlet pipe. An electronic mixing valve is disposed along the inlet pipe to receive temperature data of water mixture from the outlet temperature sensor and compare temperature of the water mixture with a predefined temperature value. In response to determining that the water mixture is flowing through the outlet pipe, the electronic mixing valve regulates the flow of cold water through at least one of the bypass conduit and the inlet pipe until the temperature of the water mixture is within a predetermined range of the predefined temperature value.