An apparatus includes a high-pressure tank, a controller, a valve, controlled by the controller, and a heater.

An apparatus includes a high-pressure tank, a controller, a valve, controlled by the controller, and a heater.

A heating apparatus comprising a tank having a tank inlet, a tank outlet, a heat exchanger inlet and heat exchanger outlet. A heat exchanger is located in the tank and comprises a hollow body having a mouth coupled to the heat exchanger inlet and a flue outlet coupled to the heat exchanger outlet. A burner device has a burner head that is located at least partly located in the mouth inside said hollow body.

An apparatus includes a high-pressure tank, a controller, a valve, controlled by the controller, and a heater.

A fluid heating system for heating a production fluid using a thermal transfer fluid, the production fluid being contained in a vessel includes an electric blower configured to receive ambient air and electrical input power and to provide output source air, a combustion system configured to receive the source air from the electric blower and to receive fuel and to provide the thermal transfer fluid, a heat exchanger configured to receive the thermal transfer fluid from the combustion system and configured to be in thermal communication with the production fluid to provide convective heat exchange from the thermal transfer fluid to the production fluid, and to provide output exhaust gas, and wherein the electric fan provides a predetermined volume flow rate of the output source air at a predetermined blower efficiency such that the fluid heating system has a Bulk Heat Flux of at least about 14.7 kBTU/Hr/ft.sup.2 and a Pressure Drop of at least about 0.7 psi.

A fluid heating system for heating a production fluid using a thermal transfer fluid, the production fluid being contained in a vessel includes an electric blower configured to receive ambient air and electrical input power and to provide output source air, a combustion system configured to receive the source air from the electric blower and to receive fuel and to provide the thermal transfer fluid, a heat exchanger configured to receive the thermal transfer fluid from the combustion system and configured to provide heat exchange from the thermal transfer fluid to the production fluid, and to provide output exhaust gas, and wherein the electric fan provides a predetermined volume flow rate of the output source air at a predetermined blower efficiency such that the fluid heating system has a Bulk Heat Flux of at least about 14.7 kBTU/Hr/ft.sup.2 and a Pressure Drop of at least about 0.7 psi.

A fluid heating system for heating a production fluid using a thermal transfer fluid, the production fluid being contained in a vessel includes an electric blower configured to receive ambient air and electrical input power and to provide output source air, a combustion system configured to receive the source air from the electric blower and to receive fuel and to provide the thermal transfer fluid, a heat exchanger configured to receive the thermal transfer fluid from the combustion system and configured to provide heat exchange from the thermal transfer fluid to the production fluid, and to provide output exhaust gas, and wherein the electric fan provides a predetermined volume flow rate of the output source air at a predetermined blower efficiency such that the fluid heating system has a Bulk Heat Flux of at least about 14.7 kBTU/Hr/ft.sup.2 and a Pressure Drop of at least about 0.7 psi.

A heating apparatus comprising a tank having a tank inlet, a tank outlet, a heat exchanger inlet and heat exchanger outlet. A heat exchanger is located in the tank and comprises a hollow body having a mouth coupled to the heat exchanger inlet and a flue outlet coupled to the heat exchanger outlet. A burner device has a burner head that is located at least partly located in the mouth inside said hollow body.

A heating apparatus comprising a tank having a tank inlet, a tank outlet, a heat exchanger inlet and heat exchanger outlet. A heat exchanger is located in the tank and comprises a hollow body having a mouth coupled to the heat exchanger inlet and a flue outlet coupled to the heat exchanger outlet. A burner device has a burner head that is located at least partly located in the mouth inside said hollow body.

A fluid heating system for heating a production fluid using a thermal transfer fluid, the production fluid being contained in a vessel includes an electric blower configured to receive ambient air and electrical input power and to provide output source air, a combustion system configured to receive the source air from the electric blower and to receive fuel and to provide the thermal transfer fluid, a heat exchanger configured to receive the thermal transfer fluid from the combustion system and configured to provide heat exchange from the thermal transfer fluid to the production fluid, and to provide output exhaust gas, and wherein the electric fan provides a predetermined volume flow rate of the output source air at a predetermined blower efficiency such that the fluid heating system has a Bulk Heat Flux of at least about 14.7 kBTU/Hr/ft.sup.2 and a Pressure Drop of at least about 0.7 psi.