A system for heating up water for a consumer unit in an aircraft, having a water reservoir and a control unit. The water reservoir has a heating device to heat water held in the water reservoir to a consumer temperature. The control unit controls the heating device so water in the water reservoir is automatically heated to or above a disinfection temperature at which germ formation in the water reservoir is eliminated or suppressed, and a temperature of the water in the water reservoir is maintained at or above the disinfection temperature for a disinfection period, the heating to the disinfection temperature being effected only during flight phases or portions of flight phases of the aircraft during which use of the consumer unit by a user is not to be expected. A corresponding method and an aircraft having such a system are disclosed.

A system for heating up water for a consumer unit in an aircraft, having a water reservoir and a control unit. The water reservoir has a heating device to heat water held in the water reservoir to a consumer temperature. The control unit controls the heating device so water in the water reservoir is automatically heated to or above a disinfection temperature at which germ formation in the water reservoir is eliminated or suppressed, and a temperature of the water in the water reservoir is maintained at or above the disinfection temperature for a disinfection period, the heating to the disinfection temperature being effected only during flight phases or portions of flight phases of the aircraft during which use of the consumer unit by a user is not to be expected. A corresponding method and an aircraft having such a system are disclosed.

In a method for operating a heating device, fluid is initially introduced into a fluid chamber, then the heating elements of the heating device are switched on and a leakage current is detected as a temperature-dependent current flow through a dielectric insulation layer. A supply voltage of the heating devices is measured and is taken into account in an evaluation of the temperature at the fluid chamber as a function of the leakage current. The leakage current is converted into a leakage voltage by means of a resistor, which is then divided by the measured supply voltage. Subsequently, the quotient obtained may be multiplied by a compensation value in order to obtain a normalized leakage signal, which is normalized to a base value of the supply voltage. The normalized leakage signal is used, if a particular absolute value of the leakage signal is exceeded or if a particular slope of the profile of the leakage signal is exceeded, in order to top up the fluid chamber with more fluid and/or to reduce the heating power of at least one heating element.

A system and a method for reducing a risk of bacterial contamination in a water heater are disclosed. A bypass conduit is connected to cold water supply and hot water outlet conduits of the water heater with T-shaped fittings, the bypass conduit generally extending in a same horizontal plane as the fittings and running alongside a top surface of the water heater. A thermostatic mixing valve is integrated to the bypass conduit close to the fitting with the hot water outlet so that its mixed water outlet is connected to the fitting with the hot water and its cold water inlet is connected to the fitting with the cold water, its hot water inlet being blocked. The thermostatic mixing valve is adjusted to regulate the hot water temperature at the outlet of the system and to produce a thermosiphon loop in the system depending on whether there is extraction or no extraction of hot water from the water heater.

A system and a method for reducing a risk of bacterial contamination in a water heater are disclosed. A bypass conduit is connected to cold water supply and hot water outlet conduits of the water heater with T-shaped fittings, the bypass conduit generally extending in a same horizontal plane as the fittings and running alongside a top surface of the water heater. A thermostatic mixing valve is integrated to the bypass conduit close to the fitting with the hot water outlet so that its mixed water outlet is connected to the fitting with the hot water and its cold water inlet is connected to the fitting with the cold water, its hot water inlet being blocked. The thermostatic mixing valve is adjusted to regulate the hot water temperature at the outlet of the system and to produce a thermosiphon loop in the system depending on whether there is extraction or no extraction of hot water from the water heater.

A water heating and treatment system includes a water heater operatively coupled to a water heater controller, a hot water outflow line from the water heater, and a cold water supply line to supply water to the water heater. The cold water supply line includes at least one of an anti-scale device operatively coupled to an anti-scale device controller, and at least one sanitation device operatively coupled to a sanitation device controller. The mixing station is operatively coupled to a mixing station controller. The mixing station supplies heated water to at least a first temperature zone at a first hot water temperature. Controllers of the water heater controller, the anti-scale device controller, the sanitation device controller and the mixing station controller are co-located at a front of a single enclosure behind an openable door, the controllers operatively coupled to a supervisory controller.

A water heating and treatment system includes a water heater operatively coupled to a water heater controller, a hot water outflow line from the water heater, and a cold water supply line to supply water to the water heater. The cold water supply line includes at least one of an anti-scale device operatively coupled to an anti-scale device controller, and at least one sanitation device operatively coupled to a sanitation device controller. The mixing station is operatively coupled to a mixing station controller. The mixing station supplies heated water to at least a first temperature zone at a first hot water temperature. Controllers of the water heater controller, the anti-scale device controller, the sanitation device controller and the mixing station controller are co-located at a front of a single enclosure behind an openable door, the controllers operatively coupled to a supervisory controller.

A safety system and method to prevent water within a top portion of a tank of an electric water heater to drop below a safe temperature during a load shedding period, other than a full emergency grid failure, by a power provider whereby to prevent the propagation of harmful bacteria in a top portion the tank. A control device monitors the water temperature in the top portion of the tank by the use of a temperature sensor. If the control device detects a temperature of the water in the top portion of the tank inferior to 140 degrees F., it will by-pass the instructions of the power provider and connect power to one or more of the resistive heating elements of the tank until a predetermined temperature above 140 degrees F. is attained before switching off the resistive heating elements.

A water heating tank is provided comprising a reservoir with a cold water inlet into the reservoir and a hot water outlet from the reservoir. The water heating tank further comprises a heater enclosure located within the reservoir. The heater enclosure encloses at least part of a heater. The heater enclosure has an inlet, a vent and an outlet. The water heating tank further comprises a duct connected to the outlet of the heater enclosure. The duct has an exit located in an upper portion of the reservoir.

A heat exchanger management system and a method of operating the heat exchanger management system. In one embodiment, the heat exchanger management system includes a memory and an electronic processor electrically connected to the memory and configured to operate one or more burners to transmit heat to a heat exchanger for a first period of time that deposits corrosive condensates on a passivation layer of the heat exchanger, deactivate the one or more burners for a second period of time, operate one or more blowers to move air across the heat exchanger at a temperature that evaporates the corrosive condensates on the passivation layer of the heat exchanger and increases an oxide thickness of the passivation layer on the heat exchanger, and reactivate the one or more burners after the second period of time.