The present disclosure discloses a method and apparatus for measuring carbon emission of a district heating system, an electronic device, and a medium. The method includes: obtaining a steady carbon emission amount of a current district heating system using a pre-trained steady carbon emission flow model; obtaining a dynamic carbon emission amount of the current district heating system using a pre-trained dynamic carbon emission flow model; and counting a carbon emission amount of the current district heating system based on the steady carbon emission amount and the dynamic carbon emission amount. Therefore, the present disclosure can effectively identify carbon emission details of each link of a source, a grid, and a load of the district heating system, clarify carbon emission responsibilities on both a source side and a load side, and realize accurate measurement of carbon emission of the district heating system, which has high application value.

The present disclosure discloses a method and apparatus for measuring carbon emission of a district heating system, an electronic device, and a medium. The method includes: obtaining a steady carbon emission amount of a current district heating system using a pre-trained steady carbon emission flow model; obtaining a dynamic carbon emission amount of the current district heating system using a pre-trained dynamic carbon emission flow model; and counting a carbon emission amount of the current district heating system based on the steady carbon emission amount and the dynamic carbon emission amount. Therefore, the present disclosure can effectively identify carbon emission details of each link of a source, a grid, and a load of the district heating system, clarify carbon emission responsibilities on both a source side and a load side, and realize accurate measurement of carbon emission of the district heating system, which has high application value.

Control of temperature of water delivered by a dual-stage water heater having an external boiler with a first heater as first stage and an internal duct (water booster) with a second heater as second stage. A control loop based on a measured water temperature in the boiler and controls the first heater. A second loop calculate a reference booster water temperature based on the temperature error at the outlet (difference between a measured outlet water temperature and a reference outlet water temperature) and controls second heater based on error between reference booster water temperature and measured booster water temperature. The reference outlet water temperature depends on type of beverage (e.g. espresso, cappuccino) and includes a temperature profile with different temperature for different sub-beverages (e.g. coffee, milk). Takes into account physical response times, inertia of heater and anticipate sudden changes of reference water temperature at hot water outlet.

A water heater includes a first heater, a second heater, and a controller. The controller can enable different operational modes of the water heater, wherein only the first heater operates, only the second heater operates, or both the first and the second heaters operate. The controller can also be configured to enable a hybrid operational mode and a bypass operational mode. Further, in the different operational modes, the controller can direct water flow to at least one of a first conduit coupled to the first heater, a second conduit coupled to the second heater, and a bypass conduit. The controller can be configured to receive input signals relating to environmental conditions around the water heater and/or an aquatic system in which the water heater is installed.

Embodiments of the invention provide a pool heater including a housing, a first tankless heater, a second tankless heater, and a controller. The controller is configured to activate only the first tankless heater when a first condition is met, activate only the second tankless heater when a second condition is met, and activate the first and the second tankless heaters simultaneously when a third condition is met.

A water heater includes a first heater, a second heater, and a controller. The controller can enable different operational modes of the water heater, wherein only the first heater operates, only the second heater operates, or both the first and the second heaters operate. The controller can also be configured to enable a hybrid operational mode and a bypass operational mode. Further, in the different operational modes, the controller can direct water flow to at least one of a first conduit coupled to the first heater, a second conduit coupled to the second heater, and a bypass conduit. The controller can be configured to receive input signals relating to environmental conditions around the water heater and/or an aquatic system in which the water heater is installed.

A flame powered intermittent pilot combustion controller may include a first power source and a second power source separate from the first power source, a thermal electric and/or photoelectric device, an igniter and a controller. The thermal electric and/or photoelectric device may charge the first power source when exposed to a flame. The controller and the igniter may receive power from the first power source when the first power source has sufficient available power, and may receive power from the second power source when the first power source does not have sufficient available power.

An aspect of some embodiments of the current invention relates to an integrated system for heat distribution among a plurality of users. In some embodiments, the system includes a separate automatic control of heat distribution to each user and/or separate billing to each user. For example, a system may supply hot fluid to a plurality of apartments in a building and/or in multiple buildings. Optionally, each apartment has separate remote controlled valves controlling flow of heated fluid to the apartment and/or a sensor sensing how much heat enters and leaves the apartment in the hot fluid. In some embodiments, a processor controls the valve and/or receives data from sensors. The processor optionally controls devices that generate and/or store and/or dissipate heat. Optionally the processor predicts energy availability, costs and needs controls valves and/or devices to provide for predicted and/or unexpected needs while reduce cost of the energy.

A water heater includes a heat exchanger, a heat pump, a first valve in fluid communication with the heat exchanger and the heat pump, and a controller configured to control the first valve. The first valve can be configured to direct water flow toward at least one of the gas heater or the electric heat pump. A second valve in fluid communication with the first valve and the heat pump can be provided, and the controller can be further configured to control the second valve. A water heater inlet and a water heater outlet can be included and in fluid communication with the first valve, and the controller can be configured to monitor a temperature of water entering the water heater inlet and control the first valve dependent upon the monitored temperature.

A system for heating water to improve safety and efficiency. The system may have normal operation measured in time. After a time of normal operation, a water temperature setpoint may be checked. If the setpoint is not at a certain level, normal operation may continue. If the setpoint is within the certain level, water temperature may be measured. If the water temperature is less than a desired level, one or more draws of water may be measured for a preset temperature drop. If the draws do not meet the temperature drop, a return to check the setpoint may be made. If the draws meet the temperature drop, the setpoint may be reduced and a time of normal operation may be measured to determine whether a burn cycle occurs within the time. If not, normal operation may continue; but if so, a return to check the setpoint may be made.