A temperature regulating apparatus can comprise a housing, an intake fan, an outlet fan, and one or more canisters containing a pressurized cooling gas, such as carbon dioxide, freon, nitrogen, difluoroethane, trifluoroethane, or tetrafluoroethane, positioned within the housing. The inlet fan draws warm air from outside of the housing into the housing through vent openings formed in the housing. Cooling gas is released from the cannisters when a temperature sensing device detects the ambient temperature is above a predetermined desired temperature, and the outlet fan blows cooled air out of the housing through the vent openings, whereby the ambient temperature outside of the housing can be cooled to the predetermined desired temperature.

In an example, a transformable cargo container for use with ground and air transportation vehicles is disclosed. The cargo container includes a main container body defining a storage chamber therein and including at least one inlet. The cargo container also includes a transformable assembly coupled to the main container body and positioned at an exterior of the main container body. The transformable assembly includes one or more supplemental containers and one or more supply ducts, at least one of the supplemental container(s) being configured to house refrigeration equipment. The transformable assembly is movable between an aircraft configuration and a ground configuration. Based on the transformable assembly being in either the aircraft configuration or the ground configuration, the refrigeration equipment is configured to supply coolant into the main container body via the supply duct(s) and the inlet(s).

An optimal package structure and an amount of refrigerant to insert into the package structure are determined based upon product information, consumer preference information, and weather information. The optimal package structure and the amount of refrigerant are an optimized combination that is effective to both protect the product from damage and preserve the product from spoilage. A package is constructed to contain the product according to the optimal package structure and the amount of refrigerant is inserted into the structure.

An optimal package structure and an amount of refrigerant to insert into the package structure are determined based upon product information, consumer preference information, and weather information. The optimal package structure and the amount of refrigerant are an optimized combination that is effective to both protect the product from damage and preserve the product from spoilage. A package is constructed to contain the product according to the optimal package structure and the amount of refrigerant is inserted into the structure.

Dry ice shippers with unique structural features designed to deliver optimized performance for preserving one or more perishable items in a presence of dry ice during transport are provided. The improved dry ice shippers exhibit superior properties that overcome the performance limitations of conventional dry ice shippers.

An equipment for making CO.sub.2 snow, ready to be injected in an installation using such a snow, notably an installation of the food industry, equipment comprising a snow horn and a J-Tube.

An equipment for making CO.sub.2 snow, ready to be injected in an installation using such a snow, notably an installation of the food industry, equipment comprising a snow horn and a J-Tube.

Delivering items to users by a delivery organization comprises a recyclable delivery container suitable to hold multiple items at different temperatures for the duration of the delivery. The delivery container may be a cube or a rectangular prism constructed of an insulating material. The delivery organization may position panels in the delivery container to separate two or three compartments of the delivery container, each compartment to be cooled to a different temperature than the others. The panels are constructed of an insulating material created by recyclable layers of cardboard and plastic. The delivery organization determines an appropriate coolant to cool all three compartments based on heat transfer requirements of the compartments and positions the coolant in the bottom of the first compartment. The items are placed in the appropriate compartments of the delivery container. Vents can be provided to relieve pressure created by the coolant.

A device for the handling and the low-temperature storage of probe tubes in tube racks includes a low-temperature compartment having insulated side and bottom walls and at least one opening at a top side. The compartment is used for storing at least one tube rack at a low temperature. The device has a holder apparatus comprising a rack holder for holding a tube rack and a picker apparatus comprising a gripper adapted to remove and insert individual tubes from or into a tube rack held by the holder. The holder apparatus is adapted to displace the rack holder between an upper rack position outside low-temperature compartment above the opening and a lower rack position inside the compartment. The picker apparatus is adapted to displace the gripper between an upper gripper position outside the compartment above the opening and a lower gripper position inside the compartment below the opening.

An optimal package structure and an amount of refrigerant to insert into the package structure are determined based upon product information, consumer preference information, and weather information. The optimal package structure and the amount of refrigerant are an optimized combination that is effective to both protect the product from damage and preserve the product from spoilage. A package is constructed to contain the product according to the optimal package structure and the amount of refrigerant is inserted into the structure.