The present application pertains in some embodiments to a thermal storage system. The system may include, for example, a warm thermal storage region; a cold thermal storage region; and a physical divider. The warm thermal storage region may include at least two liquid phases. The cold thermal storage region may include at least one liquid phase. The physical divider substantially separates the warm thermal storage region from the cold thermal storage region.

A process for producing liquid oxygen, including, a first operating mode, and a second operating mode. During the first operating mode, the distillation column produces a first flowrate of product liquid oxygen, and a first flow rate of liquid nitrogen product. During the second operating mode, the distillation column produces a second flowrate of product liquid oxygen, and a second flow rate of liquid nitrogen product. Wherein, the second flowrate of product liquid oxygen is greater than the first flowrate of product liquid oxygen.

A method for determining an operating condition of a liquefied natural gas plant (2) includes preparing a training model (88) generated by machine learning using training data in which operating conditions data including a composition of a feed gas, a composition of a mixed refrigerant, and an ambient temperature and operation result data including a production efficiency of a liquefied product containing liquefied natural gas and a heavy component of the feed gas are associated together; and determining, as one new operating condition, a composition of the mixed refrigerant that optimizes a production efficiency of the liquefied natural gas predicted by the training model (88) from a latest composition of the feed gas in the liquefied natural gas plant (2) and a latest ambient temperature.

A system and method for liquefaction of natural gas containing feed stream using two distinct refrigeration circuits having compositionally different working fluids and operating at different temperature levels is provided. The turbomachinery associated with the liquefaction system are driven by a single three-pinion or four-pinion integral gear machine with customized pairing arrangements. The system and method of natural gas liquefaction further includes the conditioning of a lower pressure natural gas containing feed stream to produce a purified, compressed natural gas containing stream at a pressure equal to or above the critical pressure of natural gas and substantially free of heavy hydrocarbons to be liquefied.

The present invention pertains to systems, methods, and compositions for liquid phase change, including for active cloud point, e.g., critical solution temperature, adjustment and heating or cooling, e.g., refrigeration, cycles. In some embodiments heat is absorbed, released or both due to phase changes in a liquid system. Advantageously, the phase changes may be controlled by controlling the ingredients or amounts of certain components of the liquid system. Advantages may include lower capital expenditures, lower operating expenses, or both for a diverse and wide range of heating and cooling applications. Such applications include, for example, cooling of data centers, cooled transportation of goods, refrigeration, heat pumps, extractions, ocean thermal energy conversion, and de-icing of roads to name just a few.

Methods and systems for removing moisture from a refrigerant can utilize a desiccant-based system. The methods and systems can be employed in conjunction with a liquid natural gas (LNG) refrigeration circuit in either an online mode or an offline mode. For example, a system for removing moisture from a refrigerant can include: a refrigerant source; a moisture removal unit containing desiccant; and a refrigeration circuit comprising a refrigerant compressor, a refrigerant condenser, and a heat exchanger that are fluidly connected in a loop, wherein the refrigerant source is fluidly coupled to the moisture removal unit to supply a refrigerant from the refrigerant source to the moisture removal unit, and the moisture removal unit is fluidly coupled to the refrigeration circuit to supply the refrigerant from the moisture removal unit to the refrigeration circuit.

The present invention pertains to systems, methods, and compositions for liquid phase change, including for active cloud point, e.g., critical solution temperature, adjustment and heating or cooling, e.g., refrigeration, cycles. In some embodiments heat is absorbed, released or both due to phase changes in a liquid system. Advantageously, the phase changes may be controlled by controlling the ingredients or amounts of certain components of the liquid system. Advantages may include lower capital expenditures, lower operating expenses, or both for a diverse and wide range of heating and cooling applications. Such applications include, for example, cooling of data centers, cooled transportation of goods, refrigeration, heat pumps, extractions, ocean thermal energy conversion, and de-icing of roads to name just a few.

The system comprises a natural gas feed and a natural gas liquefaction facility having a refrigeration circuit comprising: a compressor adapted to compress at least one refrigerant fluid; a driver adapted to drive the compressor; and a heat exchanger adapted to receive a flow of natural gas from the natural gas feed and remove heat therefrom by heat exchange against the refrigerant fluid. A heat pump collects low-temperature thermal energy rejected from the natural gas liquefaction facility and transfers the collected thermal energy to a thermal energy storage system at a higher temperature. The system further comprises a processing facility powered by thermal energy from the thermal energy storage system.

The present invention pertains to systems, methods, and compositions for liquid phase change, including for active cloud point, e.g., critical solution temperature, adjustment and heating or cooling, e.g., refrigeration, cycles. In some embodiments heat is absorbed, released or both due to phase changes in a liquid system. Advantageously, the phase changes may be controlled by controlling the ingredients or amounts of certain components of the liquid system. Advantages may include lower capital expenditures, lower operating expenses, or both for a diverse and wide range of heating and cooling applications. Such applications include, for example, cooling of data centers, cooled transportation of goods, refrigeration, heat pumps, extractions, ocean thermal energy conversion, and de-icing of roads to name just a few.

Systems and methods described for increasing capacity and efficiency of natural gas liquefaction processes having a mixed refrigerant precooling system with multiple pressure levels comprising cooling the compressed mixed refrigerant stream and separating the cooled compressed mixed refrigerant stream into a vapor and liquid portion. The liquid portion provides refrigeration duty to a first precooling heat exchanger. The vapor portion is further compressed, cooled, and condensed, and used to provide refrigeration duty to a second precooling heat exchanger. A flash gas separated from the liquefied natural gas is warmed and combined with the natural gas feed stream.