A method for liquefying a feed gas stream. A compressed first refrigerant stream is cooled and expanded to produce an expanded first refrigerant stream. The feed gas stream is cooled to within a first temperature range by exchanging heat only with the expanded first refrigerant stream to form a liquefied feed gas stream and a warmed first refrigerant stream. A compressed second refrigerant stream is provided is cooled to produce a cooled second refrigerant stream. At least a portion of the cooled second refrigerant stream is further cooled by exchanging heat with the expanded first refrigerant stream, and then is expanded to form an expanded second refrigerant stream. The liquefied feed gas stream is cooled to within a second temperature range by exchanging heat with the expanded second refrigerant stream to form a sub-cooled LNG stream and a first warmed, second refrigerant stream.

Systems and methods for using a multi-stage compressor to increase the temperature and pressure of BOG sent to a heat exchanger for cooling a separate liquid refrigerant. The subsequent stage(s) of the multi-stage compressor further compress the BOG, which is then recycled to a liquefaction unit or used as fuel gas for one or more turbines.

The installation (10) comprises: —at least one air-cooled heat exchanger (22), the air-cooled heat exchanger (22) comprising a tube bundle capable of accepting a flow (24) that is to be cooled, and a fan capable of causing a flow of air to circulate across the bundle of tubes; —a water spraying assembly (26). The desalination assembly (20) comprises a salt water pickup (100) in the expanse of water (12), the desalination assembly (20) being coupled downstream to the water-spraying assembly (26). The water spraying assembly (26) comprises at least one spray nozzle opening into the bundle of tubes, the or each spray nozzle being directed towards the tubes of the tube bundle so as to spray liquid demineralised water coming from the desalination assembly (20) into contact with the tubes of the tube bundle.

An air-cooled heat exchanger (6) arranged in a gas processing facility for performing a liquefaction process of natural gas is configured to supply cooling air to a tube (63) through which a fluid to be cooled is caused to flow, to thereby cool the fluid to be cooled, and a mist supply section (7) is configured to supply mist obtained by spraying demineralized water, to thereby cool the cooling air. Further, the mist supply section (7) is configured to spray the demineralized water from a lateral position on an upstream side of an intake.

A system for the production of liquefied natural gas from raw natural gas. The system includes a pre-treatment module to remove impurities from a raw natural gas input, a gas compression module to compress gas received from the pre-treatment module, an absorption chiller for providing gas equipment cooling in the compression module, and a gas liquefaction module including a gas pre-cooler configured to pre-cool gas received from the compression module using a closed-loop refrigeration cycle and a six-stream heat exchanger unit configured to cool gas received from the gas pre-cooler. A power module is provided that powers the pre-treatment module, gas compression module, and gas liquefaction module.

A method for liquid air and gas energy storage (LAGES) which integrates the processes of liquid air energy storage (LAES) and regasification of liquefied natural gas (LNG) at the Floating Storage, Regasification and Power (FSRP) facilities through the exchange of thermal energy between the streams of air and natural gas (NG) in their gaseous and liquid states and includes recovering a compression heat from air liquefier and low-grade waste heat of power train for LNG regasification with use of an intermediate heat carrier between the air and LNG streams and utilizing a cold thermal energy of liquid air being regasified for increase in LAGES operation efficiency through using a semi-closed CO.sub.2 bottoming cycle.

A method for liquefying a feed gas stream. A compressed first refrigerant stream is cooled and expanded to produce an expanded first refrigerant stream. The feed gas stream is cooled to within a first temperature range by exchanging heat only with the expanded first refrigerant stream to form a liquefied feed gas stream and a warmed first refrigerant stream. A compressed second refrigerant stream is provided is cooled to produce a cooled second refrigerant stream. At least a portion of the cooled second refrigerant stream is further cooled by exchanging heat with the expanded first refrigerant stream, and then is expanded to form an expanded second refrigerant stream. The liquefied feed gas stream is cooled to within a second temperature range by exchanging heat with the expanded second refrigerant stream to form a sub-cooled LNG stream and a first warmed, second refrigerant stream.

The installation (10) comprises: at least one air-cooled heat exchanger (22), the air-cooled heat exchanger (22) comprising a tube bundle capable of accepting a flow (24) that is to be cooled, and a fan capable of causing a flow of air to circulate across the bundle of tubes; a water spraying assembly (26). The desalination assembly (20) comprises a salt water pickup (100) in the expanse of water (12), the desalination assembly (20) being coupled downstream to the water-spraying assembly (26). The water spraying assembly (26) comprises at least one spray nozzle opening into the bundle of tubes, the or each spray nozzle being directed towards the tubes of the tube bundle so as to spray liquid demineralised water coming from the desalination assembly (20) into contact with the tubes of the tube bundle.

A system and method for cooling and liquefying a gas in a heat exchanger that includes compressing and cooling a mixed refrigerant using first and last compression and cooling cycles so that high pressure liquid and vapor streams are formed. The high pressure liquid and vapor streams are cooled in the heat exchanger and then expanded so that a primary refrigeration stream is provided in the heat exchanger. The mixed refrigerant is cooled and equilibrated between the first and last compression and cooling cycles so that a pre-cool liquid stream is formed and subcooled in the heat exchanger. The stream is then expanded and passed through the heat exchanger as a pre-cool refrigeration stream. A stream of gas is passed through the heat exchanger in countercurrent heat exchange with the primary refrigeration stream and the pre-cool refrigeration stream so that the gas is cooled. A resulting vapor stream from the primary refrigeration stream passage and a two-phase stream from the pre-cool refrigeration stream passage exit the warm end of the exchanger and are combined and undergo a simultaneous heat and mass transfer operation prior to the first compression and cooling cycle so that a reduced temperature vapor stream is provided to the first stage compressor so as to lower power consumption by the system. Additionally, the warm end of the cooling curve is nearly closed further reducing power consumption. Heavy components of the refrigerant are also kept out of the cold end of the process, reducing the possibility of refrigerant freezing, as well as facilitating a refrigerant management scheme.

A system and method for processing natural gas to produce liquefied natural gas is disclosed. The natural gas is cooled in one or more heat exchangers using a first refrigerant from a first refrigerant circuit in which the first refrigerant is compressed in a first compressor driven by a first gas turbine having a first inlet air stream. The natural gas is liquefied using a second refrigerant, the second refrigerant being compressed in a second compressor driven by a second gas turbine having a second inlet air stream. At least one of the inlet air streams is chilled from about the respective dry bulb temperature to a temperature below the respective wet bulb temperature. Water contained in at least one of the chilled first and second air streams is condensed and separated therefrom. At least a portion of the first refrigerant is condensed or sub-cooled using the separated water.