Disclosed is a gas separation arrangement for separating and containing various types of gas received from a collection chamber. In certain embodiments, the gas separation arrangement is envisioned to assist in mining select gases from the Moon. The arrangement includes plurality of progressively chilled separation tanks that successively separate out different species of gas. The separation tanks are connected to and receive the various gas species from the collection chamber. Each separation tank can have an independent heat exchanger that maintains the respective separation tank at a temperature that selectively liquifies/precipitates out a target species of gas allowing the remaining gas to move to a successive separation tank. Ultimately, He-3 and He-4 are separated from one another to be collected, like the other gas species.

The present invention relates to a cryocooler suitable for gas liquefaction applications, that comprises a coldhead with one or more refrigeration stages; further comprising: a refrigerator compressor for distributing compressed gas-phase cryogen inside the coldhead; a heat exchanging coil arranged at least partially around the external region of the coldhead; at least one extraction orifice communicating a gas circulation circuit inside the coldhead with the heat exchanging coil; acting said extraction orifice/s as pass-through port/s which allow the gas inside the coldhead to flow through the inside of the heat exchanger coil for exchanging heat with the exterior thereof, and wherein the heat exchanging coil is adapted to connect and redirect the gas to one return port connected to the gas circulation circuit. Another object of the invention relates to a cryogen-gas liquefaction system and a method for liquefaction of gases that comprises said system.