One or more specific embodiments disclosed herein includes a method for separating hydrogen from an olefin hydrocarbon rich compressed effluent vapor stream, employing a integrated heat exchanger, multiple gas-liquid separators, external refrigeration systems, and a rectifier attached to a liquid product drum.

A process for separating carbon dioxide from a waste gas of a fluid catalytic cracking installation including converting at least a portion of the carbon monoxide of the waste gas into carbon dioxide to form a flow enriched in carbon dioxide, separating at least a portion of the flow enriched in carbon dioxide to form a gas enriched in carbon dioxide and depleted in nitrogen and a gas rich in nitrogen and depleted in carbon dioxide, and at least a portion of the gas enriched in carbon dioxide and depleted in nitrogen is separated by way of separation at a temperature of less than 0° C. to form a fluid rich in carbon dioxide and a fluid depleted in carbon dioxide and sending a gas containing at least 90% oxygen to combustion.

A system for separating olefinic hydrocarbon and hydrogen in an effluent fluid stream from a dehydrogenation reactor includes a heat exchanger that receives and partially condenses the effluent fluid stream so that a mixed phase effluent stream is formed. A primary separation device receives and separates the mixed phase effluent stream into a primary vapor stream and a primary liquid product stream. A heat exchanger receives and partially condenses the primary vapor stream so that a mixed phase primary stream is formed. A secondary separation device receives and separates the mixed phase primary stream into a secondary vapor stream and a secondary liquid product stream. A heat exchanger receives and warms the secondary vapor stream to provide refrigeration for partially condensing the effluent fluid stream and a heat exchanger receives and warms the secondary vapor stream to provide refrigeration for partially condensing the primary vapor stream. A mixed refrigerant compression system provides refrigerant to a heat exchanger to provide refrigeration.

In a process for separating carbon dioxide from a waste gas (3) of a fluid bed catalytic cracking installation (1) containing carbon dioxide, nitrogen and possibly carbon monoxide, the waste gas (3) is separated by adsorption to form a gas enriched in carbon dioxide and depleted in nitrogen (29) and a gas rich in nitrogen and depleted in carbon dioxide (31), and at least a portion of the gas enriched in carbon dioxide and depleted in nitrogen is separated in a separation device (30) by way of separation at a temperature of less than 0° C. by partial condensation and/or by distillation to form a fluid rich in carbon dioxide (35) and a fluid depleted in carbon dioxide (37).

Provided herein are systems and methods for the processing of exhaust gases of industrial processes in order to reduce or eliminate emission of pollutants (including carbon dioxide) and store energy in the form of cryogenic liquids. Advantageously, the provided systems and methods utilize advanced heat exchanger systems to reduce or eliminate the net power required for operation. The heat exchangers are used both to reduce effluent gases to liquid temperatures as well as reheat previously cooled and separated gases, which can generate electricity via a turbo generator. The described systems and method may also produce cryogenic liquid products (Argon, Krypton, liquid Oxygen, liquid Nitrogen, etc.).

A method to recover olefins and C.sub.2.sup.+ fractions from refineries gas streams. The traditional recovery methods employed at refineries are absorption with solvents and cryogenic technology using compression and expansion aided by external refrigeration systems. In contrast to known methods, there is provided first a pre-cooling heat exchanger on a feed line feeding the gas stream to a in-line mixer, secondly by injecting and mixing a stream of LNG to condense the C.sub.2.sup.+ fractions upstream of the fractionator. The temperature of the gas stream entering the fractionator is monitored downstream of the in-line mixer. A LNG stream is temperature controlled to flow through the injection inlet and mix with the feed gas at a temperature which results in the condensation of the C.sub.2.sup.+ fractions before entering the fractionator. A LNG reflux stream is temperature controlled to maintain fractionator overhead temperature. The fractionator bottoms temperature is controlled by a circulating reboiler stream.

A raw material gas vaporization system includes: a storage tank for storing raw material gas and a transfer line for transferring the raw material gas; a reforming system including a reformer for producing hydrogen by reacting the raw material gas with water, a burner for applying heat to the reformer, and Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) for separating the hydrogen in the mixed gas generated from the reformer; a CO.sub.2 separation device for receiving off-gas in which the hydrogen has been removed in the mixed gas from the PSA to remove by liquefying CO.sub.2 by exchanging heat with the transfer line of the raw material gas vaporization system; and a gas supply line for supplying the remaining gas in which the CO.sub.2 has been removed in the CO.sub.2 separation device to a burner as fuel.

A main heat exchanger receives and partially condenses an effluent fluid stream so that a mixed phase effluent stream is formed. A primary separation device receives and separates the mixed phase effluent stream into a primary vapor stream including hydrogen and a primary liquid stream including an olefinic hydrocarbon. The main heat exchanger receives and warms at least a portion of the primary vapor stream to provide refrigeration for partially condensing the effluent fluid stream. The main heat exchanger also receives, warms and partially vaporizes the primary liquid stream. A mixed refrigerant compression system also provides refrigeration in the main heat exchanger.

One or more specific embodiments disclosed herein includes a method for separating hydrogen from an olefin hydrocarbon rich compressed effluent vapor stream, employing a integrated heat exchanger, multiple gas-liquid separators, external refrigeration systems, and a rectifier attached to a liquid product drum.

A system for separating olefinic hydrocarbon and hydrogen in an effluent fluid stream from a dehydrogenation reactor includes a heat exchanger that receives and partially condenses the effluent fluid stream so that a mixed phase effluent stream is formed. A primary separation device receives and separates the mixed phase effluent stream into a primary vapor stream and a primary liquid product stream. A heat exchanger receives and partially condenses the primary vapor stream so that a mixed phase primary stream is formed. A secondary separation device receives and separates the mixed phase primary stream into a secondary vapor stream and a secondary liquid product stream. A heat exchanger receives and warms the secondary vapor stream to provide refrigeration for partially condensing the effluent fluid stream and a heat exchanger receives and warms the secondary vapor stream to provide refrigeration for partially condensing the primary vapor stream. A mixed refrigerant compression system provides refrigerant to a heat exchanger to provide refrigeration