The present invention relates to a method of producing lignin with reduced amount of guaiacoland etylguaiacol in order to reduce the content of odorous substances by subjecting the ligninto a heating processing order to remove guaiacol.

The partial or full dehydration of organic or inorganic matter containing water by induction of matter into a vacuum and processing matter through a specially designed acceleration channel is disclosed. The inducted matter accelerates in air from zero speed to sub-sonic speed to reach supersonic speed. As the material transitions the sound barrier, it is subject to acoustic shock waves and an instant negative pressure drop occurs. The sound waves disintegrate, disinfect the material and extract part or all moisture from any organic or inorganic material.

Disclosed is a method, apparatus and system of drying wet toner particles which includes the use of cooling fluid. The method also includes introducing a heated drying gas into a toner drying chamber to create a circulating flow of drying gas.

Disclosed is a method, apparatus and system of drying wet toner particles which includes the use of cooling fluid. The method also includes introducing a heated drying gas into a toner drying chamber to create a circulating flow of drying gas.

An apparatus for reducing the size of a solid material into smaller particles having an implosion chamber for containing the solid material and creating turbulence and ultrasonic soundwaves. The soundwaves generated by a flail propeller bounce off the chamber walls to create sound frequencies causing the expansion of moisture particles in the solid material leading to implosion of moisture particles within the solid material. The implosion thereby results in reducing the size of solid material, wherein a separating section that receives the smaller material from the implosion chamber channels the coarser particles back into the chamber to go through additional disintegration process. The rotation of the flail propeller within the chamber causes the moisture particles of the solid material to oscillate at high frequency and expansion that disintegrates the solid material. During this process, the moisture content is converted into vapor.

An apparatus for reducing the size of a solid material into smaller particles having an implosion chamber for containing the solid material and creating turbulence and ultrasonic soundwaves. The soundwaves generated by a flail propeller bounce off the chamber walls to create sound frequencies causing the expansion of moisture particles in the solid material leading to implosion of moisture particles within the solid material. The implosion thereby results in reducing the size of solid material, wherein a separating section that receives the smaller material from the implosion chamber channels the coarser particles back into the chamber to go through additional disintegration process. The rotation of the flail propeller within the chamber causes the moisture particles of the solid material to oscillate at high frequency and expansion that disintegrates the solid material. During this process, the moisture content is converted into vapor.

The present invention relates to a method and facility for preparing lignocellulosic biomass, in particular by means of water extraction and optionally particle-size refinement, for subsequent use particularly in a process of torrefaction, carbonization, pellet production, such as fuel pellets or soil enhancement pellets, or the manufacturing of building materials, or even the preparation of agri-food products, comprising centrifugation (100) of the biomass followed by attrition milling and drying (200).

The present invention relates to a method and facility for preparing lignocellulosic biomass, in particular by means of water extraction and optionally particle-size refinement, for subsequent use particularly in a process of torrefaction, carbonization, pellet production, such as fuel pellets or soil enhancement pellets, or the manufacturing of building materials, or even the preparation of agri-food products, comprising centrifugation (100) of the biomass followed by attrition milling and drying (200).

There is disclosed an apparatus 100 for reducing the size of a solid material into smaller particles including powder form comprising: an implosion chamber 3 for containing the solid material; and adapted for creating turbulence and ultrasonic soundwaves that bounce off the chamber walls at different angles to create sound frequencies of varying patterns; causing the expansion of moisture particles in the solid material leading to implosion of moisture particles within the solid material. The implosion thereby results to cavitation and reducing the size of solid material within the chamber 3 into smaller particles; a separating section A for separating the particles based on sizes; and channelling the coarser particles into the chamber to go through additional disintegration process; the implosion chamber 3 comprises a conical member 14, a static propeller 9 attached to at least one surface of the chamber 3 and a flail propeller 13 rotatably below the conical member 14 and static propeller 9; the flail propeller 13 and the conical member 14 being connected to an axis within the chamber 3. The rotation of the flail propeller 13 within the chamber 3 generating ultrasonic soundwaves that causes the moisture particles of the solid material to oscillate at high frequency and expansion that disintegrates the solid material. During this process, the moisture content is converted into vapour.

There is disclosed an apparatus 100 for reducing the size of a solid material into smaller particles including powder form comprising: an implosion chamber 3 for containing the solid material; and adapted for creating turbulence and ultrasonic soundwaves that bounce off the chamber walls at different angles to create sound frequencies of varying patterns; causing the expansion of moisture particles in the solid material leading to implosion of moisture particles within the solid material. The implosion thereby results to cavitation and reducing the size of solid material within the chamber 3 into smaller particles; a separating section A for separating the particles based on sizes; and channelling the coarser particles into the chamber to go through additional disintegration process; the implosion chamber 3 comprises a conical member 14, a static propeller 9 attached to at least one surface of the chamber 3 and a flail propeller 13 rotatably below the conical member 14 and static propeller 9; the flail propeller 13 and the conical member 14 being connected to an axis within the chamber 3. The rotation of the flail propeller 13 within the chamber 3 generating ultrasonic soundwaves that causes the moisture particles of the solid material to oscillate at high frequency and expansion that disintegrates the solid material. During this process, the moisture content is converted into vapour.