A fluidizing nozzle for introducing fluid into a fluidized bed reactor and a fluidized bed reactor. The fluidizing nozzle includes a nozzle tube limiting at least a part of a feed channel in which fluid is configured to flow, at least one fluid discharge opening arranged near a downstream end of the nozzle tube, and a pot-like hood, which sealingly closes the nozzle tube with a hood cover of the pot-like hood at the downstream end of the nozzle tube at which said at least one fluid discharge opening is provided. The feed channel is provided with a flow restriction element defining at least one flow restriction feed channel upstream of said at least one fluid discharge opening.

A fluidizing nozzle for introducing fluid into a fluidized bed reactor and a fluidized bed reactor. The fluidizing nozzle includes a nozzle tube limiting at least a part of a feed channel in which fluid is configured to flow, at least one fluid discharge opening arranged near a downstream end of the nozzle tube, and a pot-like hood, which sealingly closes the nozzle tube with a hood cover of the pot-like hood at the downstream end of the nozzle tube at which said at least one fluid discharge opening is provided. The feed channel is provided with a flow restriction element defining at least one flow restriction feed channel upstream of said at least one fluid discharge opening.

A fluid heating furnace is a fluid heating furnace for recycling core sand used for a core. The fluid heating furnace includes: a fluid tank in which the core sand is heated by flowing gas while the core sand is caused to flow by the flowing gas; and a gas discharge passage communicating with the fluid tank such that the flowing gas is discharged through the gas discharge passage. The gas discharge passage includes an inlet portion via which the core sand is put into the fluid tank through the gas discharge passage. In the gas discharge passage, the flowing gas discharged through the gas discharge passage heats the core sand put into the gas discharge passage from the inlet portion, and in the fluid tank, the core sand heated in the gas discharge passage is further heated.

Devices and methods of recycling cement waste. A cement waste recycling device (1) comprising a heater (2) with an inlet (3) for cement waste and an outlet (4) for processed cement waste, wherein the heater (2) is configured for transporting cement waste in a cement waste transportation direction from the inlet (3) to the outlet (4) while transporting heated gas in countercurrent with the cement waste transportation direction.

The present invention relates to apparatus for thermal treatment of a mineral starting material, wherein the apparatus comprises a calciner, wherein the calciner comprises at least a first calciner section and a second calciner section, wherein the first calciner section is arranged vertically, wherein the second calciner section is arranged at an incline, wherein the second calciner section has an angle ? between the horizontal and the flow direction of the second calciner section, wherein the angle ? is between 20? and 80?, wherein the first calciner section has a first hydraulic diameter d.sub.h,1, wherein the second calciner section has a second hydraulic diameter d.sub.h,2, wherein the second hydraulic diameter d.sub.h,2 is less than or equal to the first hydraulic diameter d.sub.h,1 multiplied by the sine of the angle ?.

Devices and methods of recycling cement waste. A cement waste recycling device (1) comprising a heater (2) with an inlet (3) for cement waste and an outlet (4) for processed cement waste, wherein the heater (2) is configured for transporting cement waste in a cement waste transportation direction from the inlet (3) to the outlet (4) while transporting heated gas in countercurrent with the cement waste transportation direction.