A thermal management system includes a plurality of thermal management assemblies. Each of the thermal management assemblies has a monolithic foil structure having a body with an external surface and a differently shaped and opposing internal surface. The external surface forms an outer profile and the internal surface forming an internal conduit with the outer profile and the internal conduit having different shapes. The monolithic foil structure is configured to physically isolate a first fluid flowing along the external surface from a second fluid flowing in the internal conduit. The body is configured to transfer thermal energy between the first fluid flowing along the external surface and the second fluid flowing in the internal conduit.

A thermal management system includes a plurality of thermal management assemblies. Each of the thermal management assemblies has a monolithic foil structure having a body with an external surface and a differently shaped and opposing internal surface. The external surface forms an outer profile and the internal surface forming an internal conduit with the outer profile and the internal conduit having different shapes. The monolithic foil structure is configured to physically isolate a first fluid flowing along the external surface from a second fluid flowing in the internal conduit. The body is configured to transfer thermal energy between the first fluid flowing along the external surface and the second fluid flowing in the internal conduit.

Matrix (30) for a heat exchanger to exchange heat between a first fluid and a second fluid, the first fluid being for instance air and the second fluid being for instance oil. The matrix (30) comprises: a channel for the first fluid. an array of passages for the second fluid, the passages extending in the channel. The array supports at least two cooling fins. The matrix is made by a process of additive manufacturing. The fins are inclined with respect to each other along the direction of the flow of the first fluid.

Matrix (30) for a heat exchanger to exchange heat between a first fluid and a second fluid, the first fluid being for instance air and the second fluid being for instance oil. The matrix (30) comprises: a channel for the first fluid. an array of passages for the second fluid, the passages extending in the channel. The array supports at least two cooling fins. The matrix is made by a process of additive manufacturing. The fins are inclined with respect to each other along the direction of the flow of the first fluid.

A heat exchanger includes a first tube extending along a central axis. The first tube defines a chamber that contains a first medium. A corrugated sheath of the heat exchanger is disposed radially outward from and extends circumferentially about the outer face for transferring heat through the inner tube.

A heat exchanger includes a first tube extending along a central axis. The first tube defines a chamber that contains a first medium. A corrugated sheath of the heat exchanger is disposed radially outward from and extends circumferentially about the outer face for transferring heat through the inner tube.

An integrated exhaust system apparatus to be mounted on an engine is provided. The apparatus includes an apparatus housing; an engine interface; an exhaust system interface with a first exhaust apparatus outlet configured to direct a first portion of exhaust through the housing wall; an EGR interface with a second exhaust apparatus outlet configured to direct a second portion of exhaust through the apparatus housing wall; and an exhaust manifold arranged within the apparatus interior. The exhaust manifold includes a first manifold outlet configured to direct the first portion of exhaust out of the manifold interior and a second manifold outlet configured to direct the second portion of exhaust out of the manifold interior. An EGR cooler is arranged within the apparatus interior with passages fluidly coupled such that the second portion of exhaust is directed out of the apparatus housing via the second exhaust apparatus outlet.

A vessel for containing a refrigerant comprising an inner wall and an outer wall arranged concentrically and having an inner space bounded by the inner wall and outer wall, an inlet and an outlet for transport of refrigerant into and out of the inner space; a tube inside the inner space arranged turn around the inner wall; an input tube fluidly connected to the inner space and arranged to allow flow of the refrigerant through the input tube into the inner space; an output tube connected to the inner space and arranged to allow flow of the refrigerant out of the inner space into the output tube; a compressor arranged to receive the refrigerant from the output tube and to compress the refrigerant; and a condenser arranged to receive the compressed refrigerant fluid from the compressor, to condense the refrigerant, and to forward the compressed refrigerant into the input tube.

An air cooled condenser fin comprises flow channel walls defining an air flow channel. The flow channel walls include planar sections separated by intermittent flow interruptions which are spaced apart along the air flow channel. The intermittent flow interruptions are defined by the flow channel walls. The intermittent flow interruptions may for example comprise splits formed by a staggered arrangement in which the planar sections of the flow channel walls before and after each split are staggered; or intermittent sinusoidal waves formed into the flow channel walls; or louvers formed into the flow channel walls to create openings passing through the flow channel walls at the louvers. The intermittent flow interruptions may be spaced apart along the air flow channel by at least 5 hydraulic diameters, and in some embodiments by 5-10 hydraulic diameters. A plurality of such air cooled condenser fins are suitably employed with the air flow channels arranged in parallel.

A cooling system comprises a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and a heat exchanger. The latter comprises a vessel for containing a refrigerant, the vessel having an inner space bounded by a closed surface of a vessel wall, the vessel comprising an inlet and an outlet for transport of refrigerant into and out of the inner space through the vessel wall. A tube is disposed at least partly inside the inner space, wherein a first end of the tube is fixed to a first orifice of the vessel wall and a second end of the tube is fixed to a second orifice of the vessel wall to enable fluid communication into and/or out of the tube through the first orifice and the second orifice. A pressure control means controls a pressure in the inner space based on a target temperature.