A multi-pipe three-dimensional pulsating heat pipe includes at least two pipes and at least two chambers. The at least two pipes form into respective three-dimensional annular loops. A cooling zone is formed to one side of the annular loops. Two opposing ends of the at least two pipes are connected spatially to the at least two chambers, respectively, so as to form the multi-pipe three dimensions pulsating heat pipe.

A multi-pipe three-dimensional pulsating heat pipe includes at least two pipes and at least two chambers. The at least two pipes form into respective three-dimensional annular loops. A cooling zone is formed to one side of the annular loops. Two opposing ends of the at least two pipes are connected spatially to the at least two chambers, respectively, so as to form the multi-pipe three dimensions pulsating heat pipe.

The present invention relates to a process for forming a metal component (20), the process comprising the steps of heating a metal blank (20) coated with a protective layer; cooling said metal blank (20) in a confined space (14), said cooling involving cooling by means of a gas, the gas being cooled by heat exchange with a cooling surface of a heat sink (22) inside said confined space (14), wherein a low frequency sound wave is provided into said confined space (14) in order to improve heat exchange both between the gas and a cooling surface of the at least one heat sink (22), and between the gas and the metal component (20), wherein the heated coated blank is cooled to a temperature below the melting point of the protective layer, and forming the coated blank to a component. The invention also relates to a production line for performing the process.

An active vortex generator adapts to a flow rate of fluid through and/or a heat flux applied through a heat exchanger channel to improve the heat transfer rate of the heat exchanger. In some implementations, the movement of the active vortex generator may be induced by the fluid flow through the heat exchanger channel. In some implementations, the movement of the active vortex generator may be induced through an externally applied force on the active vortex generator. An actuated active vortex generator is particularly suited to heat exchangers with high heat flux dissipation requirements. Locating an actuated active vortex generator proximate to such high heat flux dissipation locations provides for improved heat transfer that can be activated when needed, such as upon operation of a high heat flux component.

The present invention is related to an advanced control method—including a fast response method—to stabilize, optimize and or maximize the output flow of an evaporation unit via ultrasonic controlled sound or vibration applied to the said evaporation unit. The invention further provides equipment wherein said method is being implemented, such as an evaporation or separation unit.

An active vortex generator adapts to a flow rate of fluid through and/or a heat flux applied through a heat exchanger channel to improve the heat transfer rate of the heat exchanger. In some implementations, the movement of the active vortex generator may be induced by the fluid flow through the heat exchanger channel. In some implementations, the movement of the active vortex generator may be induced through an externally applied force on the active vortex generator. An actuated active vortex generator is particularly suited to heat exchangers with high heat flux dissipation requirements. Locating an actuated active vortex generator proximate to such high heat flux dissipation locations provides for improved heat transfer that can be activated when needed, such as upon operation of a high heat flux component.

A method of operating a heat exchanger is disclosed in which an electric field is applied to a hydrophobic surface having condensed water droplets thereon to reduce a contact angle between the individual droplet surfaces and the hydrophobic surface, and to increase droplet surface energy to a second surface energy level. The electric field is removed to increase the contact angle between the individual droplet surfaces and the hydrophobic surface, and to reduce droplet surface energy to a third surface energy level. The third surface energy level is greater than the first surface energy level and greater than a surface energy level for a free droplet. A portion of the droplet surface energy is converted to kinetic energy to detach droplets from the hydrophobic surface. The detached droplets are removed from the heat rejection side fluid flow path.

A system includes a matrix material to remove heat from an object. The matrix material includes a plurality of vascular structures. Each of the vascular structures are filled with a fluid. At least one transducer generates field-induced forces into the fluid within the vascular structures of the matrix material. At least one controller pulses the transducer to generate the field-induced forces into the fluid within the vascular structures. The field-induced forces generate fluid flow within the vascular structures to remove the heat from the object.

Heat transfer apparatuses and methods for directing heat transfer are disclosed. A heat transfer apparatus includes a vapor chamber having a first surface and a second surface where the first surface and the second surface define a chamber space and at least one of the first surface and the second surface includes a hydrophilic coating. The heat transfer apparatus also includes one or more first ultrasonic oscillators coupled to the first surface, one or more second ultrasonic oscillators coupled to the second surface, and a controller having a non-transitory, processor-readable storage medium storing programming instructions for selectively activating the one or more first ultrasonic oscillators or the one or more second ultrasonic oscillators based on an intended direction of heat flux.

The invention relates to an apparatus (1) for cooling an automobile component (20) by means of a gas, the apparatus comprising a cooling box (11) with a re-closeable opening (12) for receiving an automobile component (20) to be cooled, wherein at least one heat sink (13) is provided inside the cooling box (11) for cooling of the gas, and wherein the apparatus (10) includes at least one infra sound pulsator (2, 3) arranged to provide an infra sound into said cooling box (11) to improve heat exchange of the gas both with a cooling surface of the at least one heat sink (13), and with the automobile component (20). The invention also relates to a process for cooling an automobile component in such an apparatus.